HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 9 - 2017-563 ROI 467_12-6-17r ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLANNING STUDY FOR THE
LAKESHORE MUNICIPAL GOLF COURSE,
CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY,
WISCONSIN
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UMIL fAUKEE Archaeological Research Laboratory Report of Investigations No. 467
This page deliberately left blank.
Cover photographs, clockwise from upper left:
Upper Left: UWM-CRM personnel shovel testing within the Robbins Site (47WN0844), view east
(P 1030974.jpg).
Upper Right: Soil profile of a positive shovel testing within the Golf Course (47WN0049) site (P1030984.
jpg)•
Lower Right: UWM-CRM personnel shovel testing within 47WN0049,view west (P1030999.jpg).
Lower Left: Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site,view east (P1030991.jpg).
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLANNING STUDY FOR THE
IAKESHORE MUNICIPAL GOLF COURSE,
CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY,
WISCONSIN
Prepared by:
Jennifer R. Haas, M.A., Seth A. Schneider, Ph. D., and Rachael A. Schultz
Jennifer Haas, M.A. Principal Investigator
Report Prepared For:
City of`Oshkosh
215 church Avenue
Oshkosh, WI 54903
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Cultural Resource Management Services
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
Archaeological Research Laboratory Report of Investigations No. 467
UWM-CRM Project 2017-563
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
December 2017
d Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 i
MANAGEMENT SUMMARY
In November 2017, Cultural Resource Management at the University of Wisconsin-
Milwaukee (Department of Anthropology) conducted archaeological investigations in support
of a planning study for the Lakeshore Municipal Golf Course within the City of Oshkosh,
Winnebago County, Wisconsin. The Lakeshore Municipal Golf Course is situated along the
south shore of Lake Butte des Mortes near its outlet with the Fox River. The City of Oshkosh
is considering future development of the golf course that would require compliance with
Wisconsin Statute 44.40.
The archaeological investigations consisted of an archival and literature review and Phase I
archaeological field investigations. The archival review identified three previously recorded
archaeological sites coincident with the project area: 47WN0049 (Golf Course), 47WN0549
(Knagg's Ferry),and 47WN0844(Robbins Site).The Phase I archaeological field investigations
consisted of shovel testing within the previously documented sites to determine if any evidence
of the sites were present within the golf course.
The field investigations yielded no evidence of either 47WN0549 or 47WN0844 coincident
with the golf course property. No further work is recommended relative to these two sites.
Shovel testing identified site 47WN0049 as a 13 acre campsite/village with a Late Woodland
cultural affiliation. The site retains integrity of location, setting, materials, and association
and can address important research themes relative to the regional prehistory. As such, it is
recommended that site 47V N0049 meets the criteria for listing in the NRHP under Criterion
D.
The proposed project plans would result in an adverse effect to seven acres of site 47WN0049.
The remaining six acres would be preserved in situ. A mitigation plan should developed
to offset the adverse effect from the future development as per Wis State 44.40 (3). The
mitigation plan must be approved by the Wisconsin Historical Society and the permitting
agency.
ii Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ManagementSummary................................................................................................................ i
Chapter1: Introduction and Project Background.......................................................................1
Introduction...................................................................................................................................I
ProjectLocation.............................................................................................................................1
Chapter2:Methods.....................................................................................................................3
Introduction...................................................................................................................................3
LiteratureResearch.........................................................................................................................3
FieldMethods................................................................................................................................3
PhaseI Survey ............................................................................................................................4
VisualInspection.....................................................................................................................4
SurfaceSurvey.........................................................................................................................4
ShovelProbe Testing................................................................................................................4
FieldData Management ..........................................................................................................4
Laboratory Procedures, Data Interpretation and Org..niz..aion .......................................................5
Chapter3: Results of the Archaeological Investigations.... ..........................................................7
Introduction...................................................................................................................................7
Archival and Literature Research....................................................................................................7
Previously Reported Archaeological Sites.....................................................................................7
47WN0049Golf Course.........................................................................................................7
47WN0549Knagg's Ferry.......................................................................................................7
47WN0844Robbins Site ........................................................................................................7
FieldInvestigations.........................................................................................................................7
ArchaeologicalSites.....................................................................................................................7
47WN0049Golf Course.......................................................................................................11
47WN0549Knagg's Ferry.....................................................................................................16
47WN0844Robbins Site ......................................................................................................16
Summary and Recommendations.................................................................................................17
Chapter4: Summary&Recommendations...............................................................................27
Summary......................................................................................................................................27
Recommendations........................................................................................................................27
ReferencesCited........................................................................................................................29
Appendices
Appendix A. Previously Reported Archaeological and Burial Sites within One Mile of the Project Area31
Appendix B. Public Land Permit......................................................................................................33
AppendixC.ASI Updates................................................................................................................37
AppendixD.ARI.............................................................................................................................43
iv Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1. Previously Reported Archaeological and Burial Sites Coincident with the Project Area. .........10
Table 3.2. Survey Coverage within Previously Reported Archaeological Sites..........................................10
Table 3.3 Prehistoric Cultural Material Recovered from the Golf Course (47WN0049) site...................16
Report oflnvestigations No.467 v
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1 Project Location for the proposed Lakeshore Development. ..............................................2
Figure 3.1 Previously reported archaeological and burial sites within one mile of the project area.......8
Figure 3.2 Previously reported archaeological sites coincident with the project area............................9
Figure 3.3 Aerial imagery from 1937 showing the northern extent of the Golf Course
(47WN0049) site within the waters of the Fox River.......................................................................12
Figure 3.4 Survey coverage and shovel test results within the Golf Course (47WN0049)
site relative to the project area...........................................................................................................13
Figure 3.5 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site from the eastern boundary.
View southwest.(P1030979•jpg).......................................................................................................14
Figure 3.6 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site, from the new western boundary
showing the northern slope of the sand ridge.View east. (P1000009.jpg) ........................................14
Figure 3.7 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site, from the new eastern boundary.
View west. (P1000018.jpg) ..............................................................................................................15
Figure 3.8 Shovel test profile exhibiting intact soil horizons and positive for cultural material,
from the eastern portion of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site. (P1030984.jpg) ............................15
Figure 3.9 Overlay of the proposed development relative to the Golf Course (47WN0049) site.......18
Figure 3.10 Survey coverage within the Knagg's Kerry(47WN0549) site relative to the project area.19
Figure 3.11 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site, south of Punhoqua Lane.
View southeast. (P1040001.jpg).......................................................................................................20
Figure 3.12 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site, showing the modified
embankment along the south shore of the Fox River.View south. (P1040002.jpg) ..........................20
Figure 3.13 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site from the southern end,
showing the extant structure and driveways.View northwest. (P1040003.jpg).................................21
Figure 3.14 Shovel test profile in the northern portion of the Knagg's Ferry (47WN0549)
site, near the utility pole, showing mottled and disturbed soils. (P1040004.jpg)...............................21
Figure 3.15 Survey coverage within the Robbins (47WN0844) site relative to the project area.........22
Figure 3.16 UWM-CRM personnel shovel testing within the northern portion of the
Robbins site (47WN0844).View east, along north side of Rath Lane. (P1030974.jpg)....................23
Figure 3.17 Overview of the western portion of the Robbins site (47WN0844).An
artificial berm for golf tee is visible in lefthand side of photo.View west. (P1030975.jpg)...............23
Figure 3.18 Shovel test profile exhibiting an Ap horizon overlaying intact B horizon soils from the
northeastern corner of the Robbins site (47WN0844). (P1030977.jpg)...........................................24
Figure 3.19 Shovel test profile exhibiting heavily mottled soils, indicating prior disturbance,
near the western end of the shovel tested portion of the Robbins site. (P1030978.jpg)....................24
Figure 3.20 Site 47WN0049 (Golf Course) relative to the location of the parcel to be sold and
developed within the Lakeshore Golf Course....................................................................................25
vi Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 1
CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT BACKGROUND
Introduction under Criterion D.
In November 2017,Cultural Resource Management The proposed project plans would result in an
at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee adverse effect to seven acres of site 47WN0049.The
(Department of Anthropology) conducted remaining six acres would be preserved in place.
archaeological investigations in support of a A mitigation plan should developed to offset the
planning study for the Lakeshore Municipal Golf adverse effect from the future development as per
Course within the City of Oshkosh, Winnebago Wis State 44.40 (3). The mitigation plan must be
County,Wisconsin. approved by the Wisconsin Historical Society, and
the permitting agency(DNR).
The Lakeshore Municipal Golf Course is situated
along the south shore of Lake Butte des Mortes near
its outlet with the Fox River. The City of Oshkosh Project Location
is considering future development of the golf course fl-ie study corridor is located in portions ofTownship
that would require compliance with Wisconsin 18 North, Range 15 East, Sections 10 and 15.
Statute 44.40.
The archaeological investigations consisted of
an archival and literature review and Please I
archaeological field investigations. The archival
review identified three prcviously recorded
archaeological sites coincident with the project area:
47WN0049 (Golf Course), 47WN0549 (Knagg's
Ferry), and 47WN0844 (Robbins S4c). The Phase
I archaeological field investigations consisted of
shovel testing within the previously documented
sites to determine if any evidence of the sites were
present within the golf course.
Phase I archaeological investigations did not
encounter any cultural material or features within
sites 47WN0549 and 47WN0844. Shovel tests
within 47WN0049 (Golf Course) yielded a high
density of prehistoric materials occurring within a
13 acre area along a natural sand ridge. Based on the
Phase I data, site 47WN0049 defines an extensive
Woodland campsite/village that retains a high
degree of integrity that is recommended as eligible
for listing in the National Register of Historic Places
2 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Tr--r'M==aro, Golf Course(WN-0049),Knagg's Ferry(WN-0549),and
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Cr-,d by UM CRM 11/13/2017 Robbins Site(WN-0844)
Winnebago County,Wisconsin
0 0.5 1 Miles
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0 0.75 1.5 Kilometers 1:24,000
Figure 1.1 Project Location for the proposed Lakeshore Development.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 3
CHAPTER 2: METHODS
Introduction line through the WHPD. This file consists of an
inventory of previously reported archaeological sites
The methods and techniques employed during the and provides information relating to site locations,
archaeological survey detailed in this document cultural affiliation, artifacts, and literature sources.
are consistent with current professional standards
relating to historic and archaeological conservation Several map files were reviewed. They include: The
and preservation. Furthermore, standards Charles E. Brown Archaeological Atlas, the General
promulgated in the Secretary of the Interiors Land Office survey records, and local plat and
Standards and Guidelines for Archeology and Historic deed maps. The Charles E. Brown Archeological
Preservation (1983) and the Guide for Public Atlas provides the locations of sites on county plat
Archaeology in Wisconsin, as Revised (Dudzik et al. maps. The sites include camps, villages, mounds,
2012),jointly endorsed by the Historic Preservation springs, rock art, workshops, quarries, cemeteries,
Division, Wisconsin Historical Society and the u;rails, and various other types of archaeological
Wisconsin Archaeological Survey, Inc., a statewide manifestations reported to Brown during his long
professional organization, were utilized during tenalre as editor of The Wisconsin Archeologist and
archaeological survey. as the curator of the Wisconsin Historical Society
Museum. The General Land Office (GLO) records
consist of plats and survey notes that may provide
Literature Research information regarding presettlement vegetation,
Archival and literature research entails a topography, and aquatic features, all important
comprehensive review of the data housed at the variables in determining potential site locations. In
University of Wisconsin Archaeological Research addition, dependent on the interests of individual
Laboratory, the Wisconsin Historical Society's land surveyors, cultural information such as the
Historic Preservation Database (WHPD), along locations of Indian trails, camps and villages, maple
with an array of published and unpublished sources. sugar processing stations ("sugar bushes"), pioneer
Published literature sources consulted include: settlements, and early industrial improvements such
The Wisconsin Archeologist, a quarterly journal of as mills, roads, and early homes and farmsteads are
the Wisconsin Archeological Society published frequently noted on these maps. Both map files are
since 1901; The Wisconsin Magazine of History, available on-line as well as at the Archives Division,
the journal of the Wisconsin Historical Society; Wisconsin Historical Society.Finally,early plats and
The Wisconsin Historical Collections consisting of topographic maps were reviewed to assess historical
20 volumes published between the years 1903 settlement and development of the project environs.
and 1920; and the Bulletin of the Public Museum
of the City of Milwaukee, several of which detail
archaeological investigations conducted in various Field Methods
Wisconsin localities. Different methods of archaeological survey and data
Consulted unpublished sources consist of serial
collection,reflecting the different goals of successive entry files available through the Wisconsin phases of archaeological site documentation, were
utilized during the course of the archaeological
Archaeological Site Inventory (ASI), available on- investigations described in this document. The
4 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
specific methods and techniques utilized for each Shovel Probe Testing
stage of the research are detailed in the following
Shovel probe testing is a pedestrian survey technique
section.
utilized to sample areas where the earth's surface is
masked by vegetation (less than 20 percent surface
Phase 1 Survey visibility), fill, natural sediments, or other materials.
It is a labor-intensive technique that results in only
The methods and techniques of Phase I a small fraction of the project area being sampled
archaeological inventory are determined primarily for cultural remains but that often provides a more
by ground cover conditions and the surface geology representative sample of subsurface archaeological
of a particular project area. Three different survey deposits than surface survey Ueske and Hart 1988).
techniques were employed during the course of the The technique entails excavating a series of small
archaeological investigations of the project area: units placed along predetermined transects or in
(1) visual inspection; (2) pedestrian survey (surface grid form with specified intervals between units.
collection); and (3) systematic shovel probe testing. These intervals do not exceed 15 meters (50 feet)
These techniques are briefly described below. and, dependent on the specific purposes or data
needs, intervals between probes may be reduced to
Visual Inspection 10 meters, 5 meters, or less. Pits approximately 35-
45 centimeters in diameter are dug and the spoil is
Visual inspection is a technique that is commonly screened through 1/4" hardware cloth to determine
employed to provide an initial assessment of a project the presence or absence of cultural debris. Upon
area. Attempts are made to identify those portions examination of the stratigraphy and inspection of the
of the project area not surveyable by conventional screen contents, shovel probe pits are immediately
means. Such areas may include massively disturbed back-filled. Depths of excavation of shovel probes
construction sites, heavily developed commercial will vary; ranging from a few centimeters to as
or residential zones, paved or massively gravelled or much as 50-80 centimeters dependent on local soil
filled surfaces,inundated locales,and deeply ditched conditions. However, units typically penetrate the
roadsides. Visual inspection is also used to identify A (top soil) horizon and are carried into the B (sub
areas suitable for other survey techniques, such as soil) horizon.
pedestrian survey or shovel probe testing.
Field Data Management
Surface Survey
A variety of records are generated and maintained
Surface survey is a technique that is employed in as part of the Phase I archaeological documentation
areas where the ground surface is neither disturbed process. This documentation comprises daily field
nor obscured by vegetation (where more than 20 notes describing field conditions,research activities,
percent of the surface is exposed).When conducting and cultural resources. General and detailed maps
surface survey,field crews traverse survey areas along of parcels and sites are drafted or adapted to show
predetermined transects,generally spaced at 5 meter associated natural and cultural features, as well as
intervals,and inspect the ground surface for cultural to record field coverage techniques. Additional
materials. When identified, find-spots are marked documentation may include shovel probe forms,
in the field by the placement of pin-flags and added sketch maps,photographs,and various logs.Cultural
to project mapping. materials collected during field investigations are
recorded with their provenience data and a unique
identifying number, both of which are marked
on the bag into which the artifacts are placed for
Report oflnvestigations No.467 5
storage. Upon completion of field research, all
field documentation and artifacts are temporarily
accessioned into the collections of the University
of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Archaeological Research
Laboratory (ARL) for processing, analysis, and
interpretation.
Laboratory Procedures, Data
Interpretation and Organization
Following the completion of the fieldwork portion
of a project, a variety of project related activities are
carried out at the ARL. In the laboratory, artifacts
are inventoried, sorted, washed, labeled, analyzed,
and interpreted. Analyses of prehistoric ceramic
and lithic materials follow conventional typologies,
while historical items are identified using standard
references and hardware catalogues. Analysis based
upon widely cited typologies and references insures
that materials are described in terms comparable
with existing data, and will be understood by other
researchers. In addition to artifact analysis, post-
field work tasks include film processing, verifying
photographic logs, reviewing notes amd maps, and
preparing a final report of investigation.
All artifacts, samples, maps, records, notes, and
other project documentation generated during the
field investigations were transported to the UWM-
CRM laboratory in Milwaukee,Wisconsin.
6 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 7
CHAPTER 3: RESULTS OF THE
ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Introduction the Lakeshore Municipal Golf Course (Figure 3.2).
The Phase I archaeological investigations consisted
of archival research and field survey. The archival 47WN0549 Knagg's Ferry
research identified the previously reported
archaeological sites coincident with the project Knaggs Ferry is a historic Euroamerican
transportation site located on the southwest bank
area and also examined whether any portions of
of the Fox River in Section 10, T18N R16E
the project area were previously surveyed. The field
investigations consisted of a Phase I survey (shovel (Figure 3.2). The site consists of the lower landing
for Knaggs Ferry, also known as Lower Ferry,
testing and visual inspection) within those portions
documented
of the project area coincident with previously in
in the original land survey conducted
reported archaeological sites. in 1834-35 (WHPD 2017b).
Archival and Literature Research 471AIIA0844 Robbins site
Robbins Site consists of a lithic scatter and
An archival and literature review was conducted to te3eposited artifacts identified in the road grade cut
identify all previously recorded archaeological and for the Rath Lane cul-de-sac in Section 15, T18N
burial sites coincident with the project area. R16E (Figure 3.2). Artifacts recovered include
A total of 16 sites were identified within one mile secondary and tertiary flakes, shatter, fire-cracked
of the project area(Figure 3.1),AppendixA).These rock, and grit-tempered body sherds. One flake was
recovered from intact soils of a shovel test placed
consist of eight historic sites, seven prehistoric sites, east of the road construction area (WHPD 2017c).
and one site of unknown cultural affiliation. Five of
the sites are cemetery/burial sites.
Of the 16 sites, three are coincident with the project Field Investigations
area,including one historic site, one prehistoric site,
and one site of unknown affiliation (Figure 3.2), Archaeological Sites
(Table 3.1). Atotal of 19.45 acres were subjected to Phase I testing
in portions of the project area coincident with the
Previously Reported Archaeological three previously recorded archaeological sites: Golf
Sites Course (47WN0049),Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549),
and Robbins (47WN0844). Additional shovel
testing was conducted outside the previously
47WN0049 Golf Course recorded boundaries of site 47WN0049 to better
The Golf Course site was reported in 1925 as "shell define the spatial extent of the site. The survey
heaps near the Fox River" in T18N R16E Section methods, summarized in (Table 3.2), included
10 (Brown 1925). Additional artifacts reported shovel testing at 10, 15, 50, and 100 meter intervals
in 1993 include an iron pipe tomahawk fragment and visual inspection. No evidence of Knagg's Ferry
(WHPD 2017a).The site is currently located within or the Robbins site was encountered during the field
8 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Qe dr,U-C-1/13/.17 Golf Course(WN-0049),Knagg's Ferry(WN-0549),and
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Winnebago County,Wisconsin
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0 0.5 1 Miles
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Figure 3.1 Previously reported archaeological and burial sites within one mile of the project area.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 9
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Winnebago County,Wisconsin
CO 0 250 500 1,000 Feet
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Figure 3.2 Previously reported archaeological sites coincident with the project area.
10 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
Table 3.1. Previously Reported Archaeological and Burial Sites Coincident with the Project Area.
Smithso- Burial Site Site Name Site Type Cultural Affiliation(s) NRHP
nian Code Number Status
47WN0049 Golf Course Shell Midden Unknown N/A
47WN0549 Knagg's Ferry Transportation Historic Euroamerican N/A
Site
47WN0844 Robbins Site Lithic Scatter, Late Woodland, N/A
Redeposited Unknown Prehistoric
Artifacts
Table 3.2. Survey Coverage within Previously Reported Archaeological Sites
Site Number Survey Method Area(tn12 Area(acres) Percentage
47WN0049
Shovel Tested 72783.22 17.98 92.4%
Impervious 2858.92 0.71 3.6%
Su i rface
Visu�flInspection 790.39 0.20 1.0%
47WN0549
Shovel Tested 517.98 0.13 1.6%
Visual Inspection 400.60 0.10 0.5%
Water Feature 113.54 0.03 0.5%
47WN0844
Shovel Tested 822.37 0.20 1.0%
Visual Inspection 412.08 0.10 0.5%
Total 78699.01 19.45 100%
Report oflnvestigations No.467 11
investigations, but prehistoric cultural material was The soil profiles in the probes indicate an intact A/
recovered from throughout the Golf Course site. Ap horizon of a 10YR2/2 sandy silt loam ranging in
depth between 27 cm to 65 cm below the surface.
A 10 to 15 cm thick 10YR3/3 sandy silt loam A/B
47WN0049 Golf Course transition was present over a 7.5YR4/4 silty sandy
The Golf Course site is situated in the Lakeshore loam and sandy loam B horizon (Figure 3.7). The
Municipal Golf Course on a sandy ridge overlooking thick Ap horizon might represent areas leveled off
the Fox River to the north and east and what used with topsoil fill. In the western portion, the profiles
to be marshlands to the south. The entirety of show a 15 cm to 30 cm fill episode with a five to ten
the previously recorded boundaries of the site fall centimeter thick clay cap over the intact soils. The
within the proposed project area for the Lakeshore soil profile of shovel tests extending off the sandy
Development (Figure 3.2). The 1937 aerial photo ridge exhibited a 10YR2/1 clay loam Ap horizon
shows that approximately 40 meters of fill was between 20 to 30 cm thick over a 5YR4/4 clay B
added to the shoreline to create the current parking horizon.
area for the golf course (Figure 3.3). The original
shoreline is approximately five to ten meters south The cultural material from the shovel test probes
of the asphalt parking area. consists of 1nthic material, pottery, faunal fragments
(calcined and unmodified), and fire-cracked rock.
On November 14 and 15, 2017, UWM-CRM L,ithic chipped stone tools (scrapers) and debitage
personnel excavated a total of 34 shovel test probes are made from local cherts and non-local silicified
within and adjacent to site 47WN0049.The shovel sandstone.The pottery is decorated and undecorated
test probes on the eastern and central portions of grit.-tempered body sherds with cordmarked exterior
the site were excavated at 10-meter intervals. The surface. Cord-impressed decorations are present.
shovel test interval was shifted to 15 meters in the The cord-impression and wall thickness suggests
western part of the site (Figure 3.4) and(Figure 3.5). that some of the pottery is Late Woodland (AD 900
A full shovel test grid was not employed across the to 1400). The cultural material is summarized in
entire site at the time because of the high density of (Table 3.3).
positive shovel tests in each area tested. Twenty-six
of the shovel test probes contained c°dtural material. Site 47WN0049 defines an extensive open-air,
Based on the positive shovel tests, the site extends prehistoric Native American habitation/village
outside the previously recorded boundaries to the harboring a Late Woodland (AD 900 to 1400)
east,south, and west. occupation.Based on similar sites around Lake Butte
des Mortes, earlier occupations may also be present.
On November 30, 2017, additional shovel testing Based on the shovel testing, the artifact bearing
was conducted to define the boundaries for the deposits occur between 0 to 80 cmbs within the
site. Based on the localized topography, shovel tests Ap and underlying undisturbed soils. The presence
were placed at 50 meter and 100 meter intervals of fire-cracked rock and calcined faunal material,
along the outer extent of the sandy ridge. The coupled with the overall artifact density, indicates
revised boundaries, based upon the distribution of that fire-related cultural features are likely present
positive shovel tests, are seen in (Figure 3.4). The within the site area. Although the site has been
new site boundaries extend 253 meters to the west, impacted by agricultural activities (that occurred
36 meters to the south, and 70 meters to the east of prior to 1898),the site has been effectively preserved
the previously recorded site boundary (Figure 3.6) over the years as encapsulated within a City-owned
and(Figure 3.7).The new dimensions of the are 448 golf course, escaping destruction from recurrent
in northeast to southwest and 131 meters northwest plowing and urban development. Site 47WN0049
to southeast, covering 13 acres. retains integrity of location and setting as well as
material integrity of the cultural deposits. The
12 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
r
1
it
i.,
I
I!
r
t
Legend
Archaeological Survey Areas
Project L...t H
MapK:UWM-CRM 291]-563 Project Location with 1937 Aerial Imagery
-d nate System NAD 1983 HARN Transverse Merfaror g y
1,=TransverseMercator Golf Course(WN-0049),Knagg's Ferry(WN-0549),and /
-North Amada.1983 HARN
C-y:DwM-CRM1111N.T] Robbins Site(WN-0844)
Winnebago County,Wisconsin
0 250 500 1,000 Feet
0 60 120 240 Meters 1:5,000
Figure 3.3 Aerial imagery from 1937 showing the northern extent of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site
within the waters of the Fox River.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 13
r
Pi J 1�° ✓ i yl �,
� yy1 ra��t�✓v��7V✓/�7�� � 'e��i�, /rel&i'�"J` �N �� �
i/oi t „yt
r
1
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o 0
Legend
Type
O Positive Shovel Test
® Negative Shovel Test
O Skipped Shovel Test
WN-0049 Nev,Site Boundary
WN-0049 Former Site Boundary
Project Location
Survey Method
I Shovel Tested
Usual Inspection Disturbed
ZJImpervious Surface
MaP Dcmus uWMRM 2017563 Archaeological Survey Coverage with
c d c Sy-m NAD 1983 HARN Tr-----.r
P; T—s-rseMe-- Shovel Testing Results
D "m Nom,Amcr—1983 HARK '
c,reddy:uwM CRM 12/4/2017 Golf Course(WN-0049) IP
Winnebago County,Wisconsin
0 125 250 500 750 Feet
ZI
j;
0 15 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Meters 1:3,000
Figure 3.4 Survey coverage and shovel test results within the Golf Course (47WN0049) site relative to the
project area.
14 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
M y �
x 2 ,
wa t
` V
u �
Figure 3.5 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site from the eastern boundary.View southwest.
(P 1030979.jpg)
Ily Y
� illi i �f
9/
i
r
r
r„
Figure 3.6 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site, from the new western boundary showing the
northern slope of the sand ridge.View east. (P1000009.jpg)
Report oflnvestigations No.467 15
o-u
w
�r
Figure 3.7 Overview of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site, from the new eastern boundary.View west.
(P1000018.jpg)
ef.
r
r r
t � '
h'
d
m g
re
a
G
a
fi
Figure 3.8 Shovel test profile exhibiting intact soil horizons and positive for cultural material, from the
eastern portion of the Golf Course (47WN0049) site. (P1030984.jpg)
16 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
presence of cord-impressed grit tempered pottery Punhoqua Street. The 1937 aerial image indicates
establishes the integrity of association as the site is that this portion of the project area was under water
able to address important research questions relative and later filled in for road construction (Figure 3.3).
to the Late Woodland period. These research
themes include: 1) cultural dynamics, chronology, No cultural material or evidence of the site was
and temporal relationships; 2) diagnostic artifacts identified during the field investigations.No further
and material culture; 3) settlement patterns and work is recommended within 47WN0549.
subsistence patterns; 4) lithic raw material use and
lithic technology; and 5) regional interaction and
trade. Site 47WN0049 retains integrity and has the 47WN0844 Robbins Site
potential to provide important information relative Shovel test survey in the Robbins Site was
to the prehistoric period in the region. As such, it concentrated north of Rath Lane (Figure 3.15),
is recommended that site 47WN0049 meets the (Figure 3.16), and (Figure 3.17). A large push pile
criteria for listing in the NRHP under Criterion D. berm is present in the northwest corner of the site
and was not tested. Five shovel tests were excavated
47WN0549 Knagg's Ferry in the project area. Four of the shovel tests on the
east end of the project area exhibited soil profiles of
Three discretionally placed shovel tests were a 10YR2/2 silty clay loam Ap horizon from 0 — 17
excavated southwest of Punhoqua Street (Figure cmbs, overlaying a 7.5YR4/6 clay loam B horizon
3.10),(Figure 3.11), and(Figure 3.12). All three (Figure 3.18). A shovel test was excavated between
shovel tests exhibited heavy mottling of soils and Rath Lane and the berm, which exhibited heavily
gravel from 0-30 cmbs (Figure 3.14). No shovel mottled soils indicating disturbance (Figure 3.19).
tests were excavated in the area northeast of
Table 3.3 Prehistoric Cultural Material Recovered from the Golf Course(47WN0049) site.
Material Count Percentage
Lithic
flake 162 51.3%
tool 2 0.6%
fire-cracked rock 24 7.6%
Pottery 101 32.2%
Faunal
calcined 11 3.5%
non-calcined 13 4.1%
Shell 3 0.9%
Total 316 100%
Report oflnvestigations No.467 17
No cultural material or evidence of the site was The proposed project plans consist of the sale and
identified during the field investigations.No further commercial development of a parcel within the golf
work is recommended within 47WN0844. course(Figure 3.20).The future development would
physically impact, and thus have an adverse effect
on, approximately seven acres of the 13 acre site.
Summary and Recommendations The remaining six acres would be preserved in place
Phase I archaeological investigations were and remain within City of Oshkosh ownership. As
conducted within the Lakeshore Golf Course.These the future development will require compliance
investigations consisted of an archival/literature with Wis Stat 44.40, pertaining to WisDNR
review and field survey of those portions of the Permits, it is recommended that a mitigation plan
golf course coincident with previously recorded be developed to offset the adverse effect from the
archaeological sites. future development of the Lakeshore golf course,
as per Wis State 44.40 (3). The mitigation plan
A total of three previously recorded sites were should involve further excavation of the seven acre
identified as coincident with the project area, portion of site 47WN0049 that will be impacted
including one historic Euroamerican site by the laiture development. Given the presence
(47WN0549), one prehistoric site (47WN0844), of a piowzorne throughout the site, the techniques
and one site of unknown cultural affiliation of excavation can include mechanical removal of
(47WN0049). All three archaeological sites were the plowzone to expose, map, and excavate in situ
subjected to visual inspection and subsurface testing. cuit.ural features. The mitigation plan must be
The field investigations yielded no evidence of either approved by the Wisconsin Historical Society, and
47WN0549 or 47WN0844, and no further work is the permitting agency(DNR),as per Wis Stat 44.40
recommended relative to these two sites. (3) and (4).
Site 47WN0049 defines a 13 acre campsite/village
with a Late Woodland cultural affiliation. Based
on the shovel tests data, the site retains integrity of
location, setting, materials, and association and can
address important research themes relative to the
regional prehistory.As such,it is recommended that
site 47WN0049 meets the criteria for listing in the
NRHP under Criterion D.
18 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
%Gi
�
, i°,,
P
l,, 1
f
'1
Legend
WN-0049_N ew Site Boundaries
Project Location
Map D-,lb uwM cRM 2G1756347WN0049
c d-a sy -.Nao iesa HaRN Tansverse
P;e=—TM with Client Plan Overlay
o m Nm,nmer—1983HARm
Winnebago o mdby uwM-CRM 12/4/20,) County,Wisconsin
du�a�adati
0 250 500 Feet � ?
0 110 220 Meters 1:3,000
Figure 3.9 Overlay of the proposed development relative to the Golf Course (47WN0049) site.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 19
���I IIIIIIIIIVdhlhl�l VIII
III
111111 I I IMII V I I I L1
u
Ic
1
f
I
l
Legend
Archaeological Survey Area-WIN 0549
Project Location
WIN 0549 Site Boundary
Survey Method
„I Shovel Tested
/,..�.Visual Inspection Disturbed
Water Feature
Map Deli e:UWM-CRM 2017563Archaeological Survey Coverage
—d rale Sy—NAD 1983 HARN Tars —Merfalor
Rr Man Tmrsverse M.—W, Knagg's Ferry(WN-0549)
Dalum Nour Amer fan 1983 HARN y"
Cm dry UWM-CRM11/M.17 Winnebago County,Wisconsin iii l
0 60 120 Feet
0 15 30 Meters 1:500
Figure 3.10 Survey coverage within the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site relative to the project area.
20 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
i yc
N
i
,
�Q
Figure 3.11 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site, south of Punhoqua Lane.View southeast.
(P i 04000 i.jpg)
�n
i✓" W l
m
Liam-
Figure �
,rry
i
3.12 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry (47WN0549) site, showing the modified embankment along
the south shore of the Fox River.View south. (P1040002.jpg)
Report oflnvestigations No.467 21
� k �
p 9�
h
t
Figure 3.13 Overview of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN054�9) site from the southern end, showing the extant
structure and driveways.View northwest. (P1040003.jpg)
d aw u'n m i ,r,�� � i4tu 1r� �� ,^ ���i r s ;,ii �h �'°! i ,rr��2 .�� .,���V"���tt�� ✓ , ji r �!� � �� �'
'�! �✓ «fro � ' w��w ifr ���� �'��tia,,��� ;�?1��, �" �! r,'� "��� '� r r ✓„rpt !�; rir�r� ;
�+�, l'�9l✓ff & ii t p/ F�✓ �o �s��1d�1 H i +� �,C�n � j r!t m,J'� � �" 1 !�' w
�,au�W"y� ��y �� V n�iq a � �f � r � , !�a�H �,; r u� � f" �` �akv � � " � ➢ �"'�,i` � lfxl
:
Y
� duh �+�,,,� ✓f ! !� � �I ��N� Ao�u .� �^
i
u '
Figure 3.14 Shovel test profile in the northern portion of the Knagg's Ferry(47WN0549) site, near the
utility pole, showing mottled and disturbed soils. (P1040004.jpg)
22 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
I
i I
II I,
ID
J
II{I
IB
Legend
/
Archaeological Surrey Area-WN0844
Nauw rs N I
Project Location
tor)pUlaP
WN0844Site Boundary
iili ILw
r1 Survey Method
c,ou ry Dpi ., Shovel Tested
Usual Inspection Disturbed
M,Detale:UWM-CRM 2017563Archaeological Survey Coverage
—d—Sy—NAD 1983 HARN Tars —Narrator
P,,-.n Tmrav -Me¢etor Robbins Site(WN-0844)
Datum Nouh—u-n 1983 HARN y"
C—Wdry UWM-CRM11/16/Znn Winnebago County,Wisconsin
0 60 120 Feet
0 15 30 Meters 1:7 50
Figure 3.15 Survey coverage within the Robbins (47WN0844) site relative to the project area.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 23
1
Tj
i of J
a
v-
Figure 3.16 UWM-CRM personnel shovel t.est.ing wit int e nort ern portion of the Robbins site
(47WN0844).View east, along north side of Rath Lane. (P1030974.jpg)
4"
t
i
rr
i
Figure 3.17 Overview o t e western portion o t e Ro ins site ( 7WN08 ).An arti cia erm or go
tee is visible in lefthand side of photo.View west. (P1030975.jpg)
24 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
Pj
1rd �l "iry I�� o � m iB� !� �'yr � �t I�� ti�a��✓w' �+, 'rel %t V�
�✓o''f��i�1d� /r' '",� �r „I, ,., �Y �',i N���m�. u� � q rr�'ui.'4� irk J�1�j���f��p���I ,�Ja
4ti�'v
I
r„ I
I I
P v
�� k' ��➢ uJ o/ � iro7s ,�, fit, � �
Figure 3.18 Shovel test profile exhibiting an Ap horizon overlaying intact B horizon soils from the north-
eastern corner of the Robbins site (47WN0844). (P1030977.jpg)
I
I '/
�p I
J �
l r/ rri l/lr/rrr�� n �w� � �^ l i% ✓r✓ui fl. u�!t m u� .�r i
Figure 3.19 Shovel test profile exhibiting heavily mottled soils, indicating prior disturbance, near the west-
ern end of the shovel tested portion of the Robbins site. (P1030978.jpg)
Report oflnvestigations No.467 25
WN-0049 1
i
s
r�
t
Legend
=WN-0049 New Site Boundary
I ✓
Map oerate UM CRM 2017 563 Lot t and WN-0049 Overlay
c a to System:NAD 1963 HARK WSCRS Winnebago county Feet y o
P; Funs-erseM--r Golf Course(WN-0049) f'
o mm:Noah nmerean 1963 HnRN V
neared by:UWM CRM 121412017 Winnebago County,Wisconsin
P
co 0 100 200 400 600 Feet
0 20 40 80 120 160 200 Meters 1:2,500
Figure 3.20 Site 47WN0049 (Golf Course) relative to the location of the parcel to be sold and developed
within the Lakeshore Golf Course.
26 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
This page deliberately left blank.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 27
CHAPTER 4: SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary Recommendations
In November 2017,Cultural Resource Management The field investigations yielded no evidence of either
at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 47WN0549 or 47WN0844, and no further work is
(Department of Anthropology) conducted recommended relative to these two sites.
archaeological investigations in support of a
planning study for the Lakeshore Municipal Golf Site 47WN0049 defines a 13 acre campsite/village
Course within the City of Oshkosh, Winnebago with a Late Woodland cultural affiliation. The site
County,Wisconsin. retains integrity of location, setting, materials, and
associationand can address important research
The Lakeshore Municipal Golf Course is situated themes relative to the regional prehistory. As such,
along the south shore of Lake Butte des Mortes near it is recommended that site 47WN0049 meets the
its outlet with the Fox River. The City of Oshkosh criteria for listing in the NRHP under Criterion D.
is considering future development of the golf course
that would likely require compliance with Wisconsin The proposed project plans would result in an
Statute 44.40. It is unclear if future projects would adverse effect to seven acres of site 47WN0049.
eventually qualify as an "undertaking" per Section The remaining six acres would be preserved in situ.
106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (PIs A mitigation plan should developed to offset the
91-190; 83 Stat 852; 42 USC 4321)o adverse effect from the future development as per
Wis State 44.40 (3). The mitigation plan must be
The archaeological investigations consisted of approved by the Wisconsin Historical Society, and
an archival and literature review and Phase I the permitting agency(DNR).
archaeological field investigations. The archival
review identified three prcviously recorded
archaeological sites coincident with the project area:
47WN0049 (Golf Course), 47WN0549 (Knagg's
Ferry), and 47WN0844 (Robbins Site). The Phase
I archaeological field investigations consisted of
shovel testing within the previously documented
sites to determine if any evidence of the sites were
present within the golf course.
Phase I archaeological investigations did not
encounter any cultural material or features within
sites 47WN0549 and 47WN0844. Shovel tests
within 47WN0049 (Golf Course) yielded a high
density of prehistoric materials occurring within a
13 acre area along a natural sand ridge. Based on the
Phase I data, site 47WN0049 defines an extensive
Woodland campsite/village that retains a high
degree of integrity that is recommended as eligible
for listing in the National Register of Historic Places
28 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
This page deliberately left blank.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 29
REFERENCES CITED
Brown, Charles E. Winkler, Daniel M., Dustin Blodgett and Robert
1925 Fifth Addition to a Record of Wisconsin J.Jeske
Antiquities--Part IL Wisconsin Archeologist 2004 The Lithic Resources of Wisconsin: A
(NS) 4(2): 142. Guide to Lithic Materials that are Located in
Wisconsin. Document on file at the University
of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Archaeological
StevensonDudMark, Joseph Tiffany, and Katherine Research Laboratory (UWM-ARL),
SteMilwaukee,WI.
2012 Guidelines for Public Archaeology In
Wisconsin, as Revised.Wisconsin Archaeological
Wisconsin Board of Commissioners of Public Lands
Survey, Madison.
1835 Interior Field Notes (John Brink) and
Plat Map. Electronic document, http://
Jeske, Robert J. and John A. Hart digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/SurveyNotes/
1988 Report of Test Excavations at Four Sites in the SurveyNotes-idx?type=article&byte=6164768,
Illinois and Michigan Canal National Heritage accessed November 27, 2017.
Corridor, La Salle and Grundy Counties,Illinois.
Contributions 6. Northwest Archaeological
Center, Evanston, Illinois. Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database(WHPD)
2017a Electronic document, http://wisahrd.org/
ASI/Sites/Primary.aspx?id=7275, accessed
Lurie, Rochelle and Robert J.Jeske November 27, 2017.
1990 Appendix I - Lithic Recording Scheme. 2017b Electronic document, http://wisahrd.org/
In At the Edge of Prehistory: Iluber Phase ASI/Sites/Primary.aspx?id=22389, accessed
Archaeology in the Chicago Area, edited by November 27, 2017.
James A. Brown and P. J. O'Brien, pp. 284-
290. Center for American Archaeology Press, 2017c Electronic document, http://wisahrd.org/
Kampsville. ASI/Sites/Primary.aspx?id=81524, accessed
November 27, 2017.
30 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
This page deliberately left blank.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 31
Appendix A. Previously Reported Archaeological and Burial Sites within One
Mile of the Project Area
Smithsonian Burial Site Site Name Site Type Cultural NRHP Burial Cata-
Code Number Affiliation(s) Status logue Status
BWN-0038 Lake View Memorial Cemetery/Burial Historic Euro- N/A Catalogued
Park American
BWN-0039 Calvary Cemetery Cemetery/Burial Historic Euro- N/A Catalogued
American
BWN-0040 Riverside Cemetery Cemetery/Burial Historic Euro- NRHP Catalogued
American Listed
BWN-0177 Riverside Cemetery Cemetery/Burial Historic Euro- NRHP Catalogued
(Catholic Section) American Listed
47WN0049 Golf Course Shell Midden Unknown N/A N/A
47WN0191 Zelhofer Campsite/Via- Early Woodland N/A N/A
lage
47WN0238 Steinhilber Campsite/Vil- Unknown N/A N/A
lage Prehistoric
47WN0247 Felcher Campsite/Vil- Unknown N/A N/A
lage Prehistoric
47WN0492 Felker Isolated Finds Early Woodland N/A N/A
47WN0506 BWN-0198 Riverside Bu trials Campsite/Vil- Historic Indian, N/A Not
and Shell Heap lage, Cemetery/ Oneota Catalogued
Burial
47WN0549 Ki2agg's Ferry Transportation Historic Euro- N/A N/A
Site American
47WN0554 Rogers Campsite/Vil- Unknown N/A N/A
lage Prehistoric
47WN0674 Harold's Site Campsite/Vil- Unknown N/A N/A
lage Prehistoric,
Woodland
47WN0678 Knagg's Ferry North Transportation Historic Euro- N/A N/A
Site,Trading/ American
Fur Post
47WN0844 Robbins Site Lithic Scatter, Late Woodland, N/A N/A
Redeposited Unknown
Artifacts Prehistoric
47WN0865 Fox River Wreck 2 Shipwreck Historic Euro- Uneval- N/A
American uated
32 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
This page deliberately left blank.
Report oflnvestigations No.467 33
Appendix B. Public Land Permit
34 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
This page deliberately left blank.
Report ofInvestigations No.467 35
WISCONSIN PUBLIC LANDSVIELD ARCHAEOLOGICAL PERMIT,2017
kPQiJMED'r0 CONM)Cr ARCILAEOLO(W ON ALL NON FEDtAAL PLMLIC LAND)UNDER WIS,VtAT144.47
Wisconsin Hislarleal S,odety
Nonic/0r-ganizatiaii/Cont:ActJennifer R, Haas P401le 414-229-30�78
............. .......................................................
Addr,, P013ox413, UW-MilwaukeeC' Milwaukeeeat, W1.... Zip Code53201
.......
I'Mi, haasjr@uwm.edu FAX414-229-5848,
. .......... ................--,...................... .................................
Institutional Althtic.University of Wisconsin - Mflwaukee Cultural Resource Management
............................................................................................................................
-------------
Low tlow CountyWinnebagoCivilTown Oshkosh
....................................
To,wnl8N Ran 16E SLction 10 Quarter SectionsSE,SK SW,SE
ge
fiwy/Rd liwy/j�d_'—'............ ................................................................... Other Type of Oct
Pro
'i F1
Prat,,tD,s,d,d,,,Golf Course Redevelopment
Golf
Type of fieldwork Phase I/Su,rvey Z Phase 1117esting F Phase III/Excavation 1:1 Monitoring
Purpose of the fleldwork! Federal Compjiance 1:1 State Compliance z rAJU02tiOnE1 Oftr 11
sated 47WN0049;47WNQ649......... litrial Site#N/A Rtj6al Perm�it Secured? Y 0 N
................................. ..........
Dates of field work;Begin date ll/8/2017 End daic—12/31/2017
� .. ...... .......................... —...................................................
What institution will curate recovered Artifacts,nates,and records IUWM-ARL
............................................................. ..............
(Curation agreernent njust be onfile toigh W115;afl molerials ondst be curated in an appmpriale,sq#Cl,acdity,)
print name Jennifer R.--.H.aasM-A... see attachments
Signature of Archacologfst........................................... ------- ....................... Date
Maph andlor letters of explanation can accompany this applicatiom
...........I......................--......... ............................
Landowner or custodian name ----------------------------
"j,
(print)"",
tl-� pa. k -phon
.........................................................
Affilia,ionGity of 0shRosh-1-1-1-1-1-1,
....................... .................... ...................................................-
Signature of Landowngr--... Dato
................................
""/............
DO No'J'WRITE nj,L(r)W, ljS;ji'rf;
Dale
PermitApprovej....................... 77 /Z/-a- Z.4aL
...............................
....................... .......
...................... .........
John 1:1.11"ciliahn
Sim Archaeologist WISCONSIN
VLP#17- wiscialffifl Hist ork;A18060ty HISTORICAL
1 t6 State Street:Mbdismi,W1 53706
FAk 608-264-6504/Pit 608464.6496 S 0 C Y E T Y
EVARIL vt'ih.
Two copies of the final report mitust be Artbujitted to the State Historlefteservation Office.
----..................
Additional autluu,Vlatloyl ot-pet-11111fing is necestittry to conduct work within the boundaries of unealologod ond cataloged
hunian burial sfte%uoder Wig.StaC§157,70� For additional hiftirinatlaw MdAw
......................................... —1
36 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 37
Appendix C. ASI Updates
38 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 39
1 I
Site#47-WN-0049 Burial Site# Field Number# County Winnebago
Site Name(limit 25 characters)Golf Course Other Name
Civil Town(s)Oshkosh Town#18 North Range# 16 East Section# 10
USGS Quad Name Oshkosh
Please refer to the ASI form and provide the appropriate headings for the correction or new information.
Examples of headings are: QUARTER SECTIONS, USGS MAP, SITE DESCRIPTION, and
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES. Provide a justification or reference for any new information.
When appropriate,attach a sketch map and copy of USGS quad showing revised location of site.
HEADING(5) AND NATURE OF CORRECTION/UPDATE:
Location Information: PLSS: add Township 18 N, Range 16 E, Section 15
Site Description: On November 14, 15, and 30, 2017, UWM-CRM personnel conducted shovel
test survey of the site.A total of 64 shovel tests, covering 19 acres were excavated in these
areas with 38 positive shovel tests. Shovel testing indicates that the previous site boundaries
extend to the east,south, and west following a natural sand ridge between the Fox River on the
north and east and low topographic areas that were once marsh lands to the south. Negative and
disturbed shovel tests along the north part of the site indicates the extent of the original
shoreline, parking lot and current shoreline are associated with modern fill. No shell heaps were
encountered in the shovel tests. Cultural material consist of lithic debitage and tools, decorated
and undecorated grit-tempered, cordmarked pottery, calcined bone, faunal fragments, and FCR.
One of the local golfers indicated that human remains were encountered near the club house, but
no human remains or burial features were encountered during the survey. However, intact soils
in the area suggests a high probability for cultural features. The site boundary has been updated
based on the positive shovel tests and landscape.
Site Area (acres): 13
Site Type: CampsiteNillage
Cultural Information: definite-Woodland
Modern Landuse: Golf Course
Degree of Disturbance: 25%
Impacts to Sites: Commercial development
Eligibility: Potentiallv eligible for listing in NRHP
Investigator Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D. Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 11/2017
Submitted by Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D. Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 12/4/2017
I:FOR WHS O ASI# O CHK'D O GIS ENTRY
OFFICE USE: 0 GIS ENTRY CHK'D 0 ENTER 0 ENTRY CHK'D
EP-00-000(rey.os(zooz)
40 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
�haf /�✓ff 1��yU% ir��p i / ran �l
� �� /ntr�� i ✓i%��Jrii /f��t �j i ° VL!
Iw,�G� /r "�%fin ��� 1�%� � !i✓ � � i
I
r
/
Legend
Type
O Positive Shovel Test
® Negative Shovel Test
O Skipped Shovel Test
WN-0049 New Site Boundary
WN-0049 Former Site Boundary
ED Project Location
Survey Method
II Shovel Tested
Ez�Usual Inspection Disturbed
Impervious Surface
M,D ds uWM-CRM 2017-563 Archaeological Survey Coverage with
copra Sy NAD 1983 HARN Tare---.r
Pmre ,--.r Shovel Testing Results
Damm am
Norch --1983 HARK
anal d by uwMCRM 12,4,2017 Golf Course(WN-0049
Winnebago County,Wisconsin
CO 0 125 250 500 750 Feet ua
0 15 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 Meters 1:3,000
Report oflnvestigations No.467 41
Site#47-WN-0549 Burial Site# Field Number# County Winnebago
Site Name(limit 25 characters)Kragg's Ferry Other Name
Civil Town(s)Oshkosh Town#18 North Range# 16 East Section# 10
USGS Quad Name Oshkosh
Please refer to the ASI form and provide the appropriate headings for the correction or new information.
Examples of headings are: QUARTER SECTIONS, USGS MAP, SITE DESCRIPTION, and
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES. Provide a justification or reference for any new information.
When appropriate,attach a sketch map and copy of USGS quad showing revised location of site.
HEADING(5) AND NATURE OF CORRECTION/UPDATE: SITE DESCRIPTION
On November 15,2017, UWM-CRM personnel conducted Phase I archaeological investigations
within the western portion of the site. Overlays with 1937 aerial photos show that the eastern part
of the site has been submerged and then subsequently filled in for modern road construction
(Ponhoqua Street).Two shovel test profiles showed disturbed soils with heavy mottling. No
cultural material or features were encountered.
Degree of Disturbance: Heavy
Investigator Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D. Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 11/15/2017
Submitted by Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 11/27/2017
FOR WHS O ASI# O CHK'D O GIS ENTRY
OFFICE USE O GIS ENTRY CHK'D 0ENTER 0ENTRY CHK'D + HP-00-000(rev 08/2002)
42 Phase IArchaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
Site#47-WN-0844 Burial Site# Field Number# County Winnebago
Site Name(limit 25 characters)Robbins Site Other Name
Civil Town(s)Oshkosh Town#18 North Range# 16 East Section# 15
USGS Quad Name Oshkosh
Please refer to the ASI form and provide the appropriate headings for the correction or new information.
Examples of headings are: QUARTER SECTIONS, USGS MAP, SITE DESCRIPTION, and
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES. Provide a justification or reference for any new information.
When appropriate,attach a sketch map and copy of USGS quad showing revised location of site.
HEADING(5) AND NATURE OF CORRECTION/UPDATE: SLATE DESCRIPTION
On November 14,2017, UWM-CRM personnel conducted an archaeological investigation in the
northern half of the site coincident with a proposed construction area.A total of five shovel tests
were excavated. Soil profiles exhibit a 10YR3/2 silt loam A horizon ranging in depth from 12 to 20
cm below the surface followed by a 7.5YR4/4 clay loam B horizon. The northwestern portion of
the site has been disturbed by road construction,water utility, and a septic mound. No cultural
material or features were encountered during the survey.
Investigator Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D. Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 11/14/2017
Submitted by Seth A.Schneider, Ph. D Affiliation UWM-CRM Date 11/27/2017
FOR WHS f0 ASI# O CHK'D O GIS ENTRY>
OFFICEUSE ',OGISENTRYCHK'D CENTER OENTRYCHK'D
HP-00-000(rev osizooz)
Report oflnvestigations No.467 43
Appendix D. ARI
44 Phase I Archaeologicallnvestigations for Lakeshore Development, City of Oshkosh
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Report oflnvestigations No.467 45
ARCHAEOLOGICAL. REPORTS INVENTORY FORM
WHS PROJECT# COUNTY Winnebago
AUTHORS: Jennifer R. Haas, Seth A. Schneider and Rachael A. Schultz
REPORT TITLE: Cultural Resource Investigations for the Lakeshore Development Project, City of
-961*osh, Winnebago County, Wisconsin
DATE OF REPORT(MONTH AND YEAR): November 2017
SERIES/NUMBER: UWM-ARL ROI 467
PLACE OF PUBLICATION: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Archaeological Research Laboratory
LOCATIONAL INFORMATION [LEGAL DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY AREA (T-PS)]
T18N R1 6E Sections 10 and 15
U.S.G.S. QUAD MAP(S): Oshkosh
SITE(S)INVESTIGATED: 47WN0049,47WN0549,47WN0844
ACRES INVESTIGATED: 19.45 AGENCY# City of Oshkosh
INVESTIGATION TECHNIQUES COMPLETED (Check all that apply.)
❑■ Historical Research ❑Surface Survey ❑Geomorphology
❑Interview/Informant ❑■ Soil Core ❑Underwater
❑
Records/Background ❑■ Walk Over/Visual Inspection ❑Avocational Survey
❑■ Literature Background Research ❑Mechanical Stripping ❑Chance Encounter
❑Traditional Knowledge ❑Test Excavation/Phase II ❑Osteological Analysis
❑Monitoring ❑Major Excavation/Phase III ❑Faunal Analysis
❑■ Shovel Testing/Probing ❑Remote Sensing ❑Floral Analysis
ABSTRACT: ❑■ Included in report ❑Written in space below
Office ofthe,State Archaeologist ARI#