HomeMy WebLinkAboutINDOOR AIR QUALITY LETTER
Jim Doyle
Governor
DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH
1 WEST WilSON STREET
POBOX 2659
MADISON WI 53701-2659
Helene Nelson
Secretary
State of Wisconsin
Department of Health and Family Services
608-266-1251
FAX: 608-267-2832
www.dhfs.state.wi.us
November 2, 2005
Jason & Kristi Mugerauer
257 18th Avenue
OSHKOSH WI. 54806
RE:
Indoor Air Quality Complaint
Dear Jason and Kristi:
On Tuesday, October 25, 2005 I conducted an inspection, in response to a mold complaint of
your home. During the inspection I did not find mold of a significant concern but I did find
some other issues that may be contributing to the problems you are experiencing. Some of those
are related to the heating, ventilation and cooling (HV AC) system and other could be lifestyle.
Based on my inspection findings to include the elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels I would
recommend that you contact someone regarding your HV AC unit. The elevated CO2 levels
indicate that you are not getting enough air exchanges in your house. Although you have a
newer forced air furnace you might not have enough make up air in your home to provide the
appropriate number of daily air exchanges. In addition your supply air ducts could be blocked
could be from the debris inside of the ducts especially at the bottom. Also the build up of soot
on the inside of the ducts can create some problems. If the soot becomes dislodged, especially
during renovation activities, it can trigger an asthma attack. I would recommend that you contact
your local weatherization agency ADVOCAP. They can evaluate whether or not your furnace is
sized properly for your house and if you are getting adequate air exchanges. In addition the
renovation in your home could also be an asthma trigger. Anytime large amounts of dust are
generated in the home during the construction process your children could be exposed. It is
important that after any work you do in the house you should clean up with a HEP A-vacuum if
possible. Based on our conversations it seems that one of your children's asthma attacks was a
direct result of renovation activity within your home. You can rent a HEP A-vacuum from the
local health department in Oshkosh.
Regarding the Hunter Ionizer/HEP A Filters that you have in your bedroom I reviewed the
literature from the US. EPA web site htm://www.eva.gov/iaq/pubs/hpguide.html#faq3 regarding
like machines. Although the EP A does not discourage its use they do not necessarily encourage
it. If the ionizer generates ozone then the machine should not be used since ozone is a lung
irritant. They did indicate that it might be effective against small particles such as cigarette
smoke I would not encourage you to use it as an excuse to stop smoking in your home. The
HEP A filter on the Hunter is more effective for reducing particulates in the air then the ionizer.
Wisconsin.gov
November 2, 2005
Page 2 - 257 ISth Avenue Oshkosh
I would caution having your dog in your bed. Animal dander (hair and skin flakes) can also be
an asthma trigger. When your young son sleeps in the bed with you he could be exposed to the
dander which in turn could trigger an attack.
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a major public health issue. Not only does ETS
contribute to an increased risk oflung cancer it is also a powerful asthma trigger. This is an
important consideration since your children have been diagnosed as asthmatics. You will want
to take precautions to ensure that your children are not exposed to ETS. I recommend that you
stop smoking as soon as possible for the health you and your children. Even smoking outside is
a problem since your clothes can be impregnated with many of the particulates and allergens that
can cause asthma attacks. There are many programs that can help you reduce or quit smoking by
the American Lung Association. I have enclosed some of the material for your use. If you
decide to continue to smoke then you should take it outside. In addition, you should wear some
sort of covering that you will remove before you come back inside. Particulates from smoking
can become attached to your clothes. These particulates can become airborne and respiratory
hazards to your asthmatic children when they go to hug you after you come back indoors. Also
you should not smoke in your vehicles. Any particulates form smoking could also trigger an
asthmatic reaction. It is important to note that some exposures to either smoking or other
allergens might not trigger an asthmatic reaction until hours later.
I have attached my inspection summary to include information on carbon monoxide and carbon
dioxide, asthma, reduce smoking, and lead based paint. If you have any questions regarding my
report please call me at (60S) 266-7897 or email at Chambmh@dhfs.state.wi.us.
Sincerely
Mark H. Chamberlain
Environmental Health Specialist
Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Health
Ene: Smoking Cessation Materials American Lung Association
F:msoffiicelMarks FilesIIAQ/Cases/2005/ 25718. Ave Oshkosh
INSPECTION RESULTS
257 18th Ave Oshkosh WI
REMARKS
s and on exterior sill.
cleaners. Windows covered with plastic on
dog sometimes jumps in bed. No sign of
basement
Room used by father for smoking room. Large (foot diameter)
bowl in center of table full of cigarette ashes and butts. Door to
porch is not air tight and there is visible sign of smoke and tar
stains entering into living space above the door way. There is a
space on lower section of door as well. No sign of mold other
then small amount around windows.
Smoking stains noted on wall above door way to back porch. All
floors upstairs are carpeted. Some stains from unknown liquids.
There are 7 older windows with paint similar to those in dining
room with lead. When looking through floor grate of air supply
vent there is suspect asbestos material where metal duct meets
wood floor. Inside of ducts appear to be very sooty. Bottom of
ducts have a lot of debris. No mold noted where inspected.
be adequate insulation. Could not get all the way into
the extent of insulation and soffet venting.
tside to basement appears to be slightly
en the elevation outside. Homeowners state that water
ou door when rains hard. No mold noted.
Asbestos wrap on some return and supply duct lines. All total
less then 100 ft. 2. Gas fired passive vented hot water heater.
Exhaust duct is almost horizontal with a 10-15 foot run to
chinmey. Some minor mold on lower wall by floor. More then
likely die to water lever from exterior grading. Foundation is
field stone with mortar between cracks. Mortar is efflorescing
and coming out from years of water penetration. Washer and
dryer also in basement. Water comes into basement from back
door that is artial below ound level.
does channel water back towards
spouts are crimped at ends where
come out.
2" Floorplay
and bedrooms
REFERENCE GUIDE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES
Temperature (n & Humidity (RH)
Temperature and relative humidity are typically indicators of occupant comfort levels.
Obviously the higher the temperature the increased need for cooling. Relative humidity (RH)
can either add to or detract from comfort. If RH is high (greater then 60%) along with the
temperature, conditions occur that can cause mold growth. If the RH is too low, then the
atmosphere can become too dry, which leads to complaints of eye, nose, and throat
irritations. RH should be measured at different points in a living space. Although it might be
only 45% RH in the center of the room, giving the occupant the impression that all is well, the
RH could be much higher in the corners or window areas where the conditions would be
favorable for mold growth.
30% 8.5 F - 75.5 F 74.0.5 F -80.0 F
40% .0 F - 75.0 F 73.5 F - 80.0 F
50% 8.0 F - 74.5 F 73.0 F - 79.0 F
Recommendations apply for persons clothed in typical summer and winter clothing, at
light, mainly sedentary activity.
Source: Adopted from ASHRAE Standard 55-1992, Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human
Occu anc
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
What is carbon monoxide?
Carbon Monoxide is a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas that results from incomplete fuel
combustion of fuels, such as gasoline, kerosene, natural gas, oil, coal, or wood.
How can I be exposed to carbon monoxide?
People can be exposed to dangerous levels of CO when charcoal, gas, oil, or wood are
burned in poorly ventilated areas. Breathing automobile exhaust in a closed area can also
result in CO poisoning. Gas-fueled furnaces and water heaters can produce dangerous CO
levels if they are malfunctioning. Common situations for CO poisoning include: using gasoline
powered generators indoors, idling automobiles in enclosed garages, using propane heaters
indoors, and allowing children to ride inside enclosed truck beds. Smoke from tobacco
products and wood fires also contain carbon monoxide. About 50% of all CO poisonings
occur in the home. Other common settings include cars, cabins and tents. About 40% of CO
poisonings occur in cars and 10% at worksites. Work exposure is more likely were fuel-
powered engines are used in enclosed areas.
What are the effects of exposure to carbon monoxide?
Exposure to low levels of this odorless gas can produce a throbbing headache, dizziness,
fatigue, mental confusion, shortness of breath, and chest pain in people with heart disease.
Higher exposures result in severe headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea, irregular
heartbeat, and unconsciousness. Occasionally, these symptoms can be mistaken for
symptoms of the flu. Exposure to very high levels of carbon monoxide can cause seizures,
coma, respiratory failure, and death. In addition to the toxic effects of CO, this gas is very
flammable and high concentrations may be explosive. High CO levels, generally over 35
parts per million (ppm), indicate a problem
complaints
Outdoor air standard set b EPA
Beginning of general discomfort. Complaints ranging from
drowsiness to poor air.
imum exposure allowed by OSHA in the workplace ove
an ei ht hour period.
Mild headache, fati ue, nausea and dizziness.
tensify. Life threat
after 3 hours.
izziness, nausea and convulsions. Unconscious within 2
hours. Death within 2-3 hours.
Headache dizziness and nausea. Death within 1 hour.
iness and nausea. Death within 1
ss and nausea. Death within 2
Death
How can I avoid carbon monoxide exposure?
. Have your furnace, gas stove, and fireplace checked annually by a qualified professional to
make sure they work properly and have adequate ventilation.
. All homes should be equipped with carbon monoxide detectors. The detectors are available
at most hardware and building supply stores. These detectors function like smoke detectors
and can alert you to the presence of high CO levels. Carbon monoxide detectors are not
perfect, and are not a substitute for proper maintenance of appliances. Prevention is the key
to avoiding CO poisoning.
. Make sure your automobile's exhaust system works properly.
. Never ride inside a camper or trailer that is being towed by another vehicle.
. Never allow an engine to run in an enclosed space, such as a garage. This includes cars,
snowmobiles, motorcycles, space heaters and gasoline powered mowers, trimmers, chain
saws or generators.
. Never use a gas oven to heat your home.
. Never use a charcoal grill indoor in an enclosed area.
What should I do if I suspect a problem?
If your CO detector alarms or if experience any of the above symptoms stated earlier, get
fresh air immediately. Call your local fire department and move everyone outdoors into fresh
air. Do not re-enter the building until it has been inspected and declared safe. If you are
experience headaches, nausea, drowsiness, or difficulty breathing, call 911.
Do not drive while you are experiencing these symptoms.
For more information
. Contact the Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Bureau of Environmental Health, PO Box
2659, Madison, WI 53701-2659, (608) 266-5817; or
. Visit the department's website, www.dhfs.state.wi.us/ehiindex.htm
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
CO2 is a colorless, odorless, nonpoisonous gas which results from fuel combustion and
human activity indoors. Elevated levels of CO2 indicate ineffective ventilation indoors.
Carbon dioxide is an indicator of how much fresh air is being brought into a building. The
levels of CO2 are used to determine if the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HV AC)
system are operating within guidelines. High CO2 levels, generally over 1000 ppm, indicate
a potential problem with air circulation and fresh air in a room or building. In general, high
CO2 levels indicate the need to examine the HVAC system. Results are reported in parts
per million or ppm.
250-
kground depending on rural versus urban. Typical levels found in
ccupied spaces with good air exchange and minimal complaints
picallevels found in occupied spaces with good air exchange and
minimal com laints.
PPM CO2
350-
>5,000
ing of general discomfort. Complaints ranging from drowsiness to
poor air.
Complaints of headache, sleepiness, stagnant, stale, stuffy air.
concentration. loss of attention. Possible increase heart rate, f
nausea.
Heavy. levels exceeding this can cause permanent brain damaged,
coma and even death.
800 - 2,0
2,000 - 5,
lead
lead exposure in young children can cause reduced IQ and attention span, impaired growth,
reading and learning disabilities, hearing loss, and a range of other health and behavioral
effects. Most exposures occur in homes or daycares where lead-based paint has
deteriorated because of deferred maintenance or where lead hazards have been created
through painting or renovation done without using lead-safe work practices.
Prevention of lead poisoning can be accomplished by eliminating lead-based paint hazards
before children are exposed. Wisconsin's goal is to eliminate this disease by working to
make Wisconsin's housing lead-safe, and by improving the detection and treatment of lead
poisoning in children.
Source: lead-based paint and varnish
Exposure to lead-based paint (lBP) is the major source of lead poisoning for children. When
lead paint is intact, it is unlikely to cause exposure. The risk of exposure increases as the
paint breaks down into smaller particles. The smaller the particles, the more easily they are
dispersed, become accessible to children, and are absorbed by the body. If lead paint is
allowed to deteriorate due to normal wear (moisture damage, temperature changes, friction,
or impact), or when paint is deliberately disturbed by renovation activity, house dust and soil
become contaminated. The resulting lead dust and chips can enter a child's body through
normal hand-to-mouth activity.
Routes of Exposure:
. lead dust created by deteriorating lead-based paint (lBP) or renovation activities
can stick to fingers, toys, soil, food, and other accessible surfaces. Young
children are then likely to ingest the lead dust through normal hand-to-mouth
activity. This is the most common route of exposure for children.
. lBP is a hazard if it is peeling, chipping, chalking, or cracking. lBP that appears
to be undisturbed can be a problem if it is on surfaces that rub together (friction
surfaces) or surfaces that children chew, such as windows and window sills,
doors and door frames, stairs, railings and banisters, porches, fences, and/or
furniture.
. Surfaces that have been covered with new paint or another covering can expose
layers of lBP if they are consistently rubbed, or when they become cracked or
chipped.
. lead in varnish is typically found on floors, door and window casing, trim and
even old baby cribs.
. lBP that is intact, undisturbed, and inaccessible to young children may not pose
a lead hazard and should be left alone.
Asbestos
What is asbestos?
Asbestos is a mineral fiber. Asbestos fibers are long, thin, and very strong, yet flexible enough
to be woven together. Until the 1970's, asbestos was commonly added to a variety of building
materials to strengthen them, provide heat insulation and make them fire resistant. Although
most products today do not contain asbestos, some older materials in your home may,
including pipe and sprayed-on insulation, floor tiles, and roofing and siding materials.
What can I do to prevent asbestos exposure?
The following steps can help minimize asbestos exposure during vel}' minor home renovations
(such as removing the ductwork):
Wear gloves, eye protection and a HEPA respirator (not just a dust mask).
Tape off rooms with plastic sheeting to prevent contaminating other areas of the home;
keep the asbestos damp to prevent spreading dust.
Keep windows open for good ventilation and wipe up all dust and debris using wet
cleaning methods (wet-wiping and wet-mopping).
A HEPA vacuum can be used for clean up of minor dust or debris. Do not use a
home/shop vacuum.
If renovations involve more extensive removal or exposure to asbestos containing
insulation, it's best to hire a professional, state-certified, asbestos removal contractor.
What are the health risks associated with asbestos exposure?
Asbestos fibers must be inhaled to cause disease. Disturbing asbestos insulation or dust
containing asbestos will result in exposure unless precautions are taken. When insulation
containing asbestos is disturbed, lightweight asbestos fibers are released into the air and can
be inhaled. In general, the more you are exposed to asbestos, the greater your risk of
developing related diseases. Exposure may not have immediate health consequences,
however. In many cases, individuals do not develop related diseases for years or even
decades after exposure.
Those at highest risk for exposure and disease are long-term asbestos processing plant
employees or workers regularly installing or handling products containing asbestos without
proper protection. Those at lower risk include people who occasionally disturb attic insulation
during activity in the attic or minor "handyman" jobs. The lowest risk would be for people who
live in a home where the asbestos insulation is isolated and they have had no direct contact
with the materials.
Some asbestos-exposed workers, family members, and those living in the neighborhoods of
asbestos plants have developed mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is a rare type of cancer that
begins in the tissue surrounding the lungs, stomach, and heart. Mesothelioma has also been
found in individuals who were exposed to asbestos only once decades earlier. The only
known cause of mesothelioma is asbestos. Exposure to a lot of asbestos over a long time (like
in an occupational setting) can cause permanent lung damage known as asbestosis.
Asbestosis causes shortness of breath and increases the risk of serious lung infections.
Smoking also increases the risk of developing illness from asbestos exposure.
For more information
For health related questions, contact your local public health agency or the Wisconsin
Division of Public Health at (608) 266-1120. For a list of state-certified contractors,
consultants and labs, call the Division's Asbestos and lead Section at (608) 261-6876.