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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem IV - Draft Analysis of Impediments to Fair HousingCity0� Oshkos� E,, ,a,3 DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FY 2020 ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS TO FAIR HOUSING CHOICE MAY 2020 Mr. Allen Davis, Director of Community Development Ms. Darlene Brandt, Grants Coordinator City of Oshkosh Department of Community Development 215 Church Avenue, Oshkosh, WI 54903-1130 City of Oshkosh, WI Table of Contents ExecutiveSummary........................................................................................................ 2 I. Introduction.............................................................................................................8 II. Background Data.................................................................................................. 10 A. Population, Race, Ethnicity, and Religion: .................................................... 10 B. Households: .................................................................................................. 23 C. Income and Poverty: ..................................................................................... 30 D. Employment: ................................................................................................. 36 E. Housing Profile: ................................................. ........................................39 F. Housing Costs: ............................................ .........................................43 G. Household Housing Problems: .............. ...............................................49 H. Racial and Ethnic Housing Problems ..................................................... 53 I. Racial and Ethnic Housing Cost Burd................................................... 56 J. Disabled Households :...........: .......................................................57 III. Review/Update to Original Plan ....... ... .................................................... 59 A. Summary of Impediment ..................................................................... 59 IV. Impediments to Fair HG&ng .................................................................. 66 A. Fair Housing pi .............................................................................. 66 B. Public Sec :........ ............................................................................... 72 C. Private S r:.......................................................................................... 104 V. Actions and Recommendations........................................................................... 150 VI. Certification......................................................................................................... 153 VII. Maps................................................................................................................... 154 VII I. Appendix............................................................................................................. 155 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 1 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Executive Summary The City of Oshkosh is an entitlement community under the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG). In accordance with the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, as amended, each entitlement community must "affirmatively further fair housing." In order to demonstrate that the entitlement community is "affirmatively furthering fair housing," each community must conduct a Fair Housing Analysis which identifies any impediments to fair housing choice and what steps it will take to address those impediments. HUD advises communities that the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice should address the Fair Housing Act, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Section 109 of Title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, Age Discrimination Act of 1975, Title IX of the Education Amendments Act of 1972, Executive Order 11063, Executive Order 11246, Executive Order 12892, Executive Order 12898, Executive Order 13166, and Executive Order 13217. The HUD Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO) Office advises Federal entitlement communities to update their Analysis of Impediments (AI) to Fair Housing Choice to coincide with their Five Year Consolidated Plan, and then every five (5) years thereafter. In addition, each year the entitlement communities, as part of its Annual Action Plan, must sign certifications tha he rictions will affirmatively further fair housing. This means that the entitleme ommisdunities will conduct an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing oic take propriate actions to overcome the effects of any impediments identifi thr a I, and maintain records reflecting what analysis and corrective action a The City of Oshkosh evRWly prepared an Analysis of Impe ents to Fair Housing Choice in March 13. On July 16, 2015, the U.S. Dep ment of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) published its final rule on Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing. This rule attempted to establish a standardized process for fair housing planning. On May 18, 2018, due to deficiencies in the requirements, information available, and public participation HUD announced the withdrawal of the AFFH Rule, eliminating the AFH Tool, and requiring communities to revert back to the preparation of an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice. n 1 Google. (n.d.). City of Oshkosh, WI. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/maps/place/Oshkosh Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 2 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The Fair Housing Act was originally passed in 1968 to protect buyers and renters from discrimination from sellers and landlords by making it unlawful to refuse the sale or rental of a property to persons included under the category of a protected class. The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination against persons based on their race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or familial status in the sale, rental, and financing of housing. 7 Race The methodology i • Research included: - Review of the 2013 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice, Zoning Ordinances, Comprehensive Plans, Five Year Consolidated Plans, Annual Action Plans and Consolidated Annual Performance Evaluation Reports. - Review of the Housing Authorities' Five Year and Annual PHA Plans. Review of the most recent demographic data for the area from the U.S. Census, which included general, demographic, housing, economic, social, and disability characteristics. Review of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (HUD-CHAS) data. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 3 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI - Review of the residential segregation data from PolicyMap. - Review of financial lending institutions through the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database. - A review of the real estate and mortgage practices. - Home mortgage foreclosure data. • Interviews & Meetings - Meetings and interviews were conducted with various City and County Departments; Housing Authorities; community, social service, and advocacy agencies, as well as public meetings. - Follow up phone calls were made when an organization neither returned a survey nor attended a meeting. • Analysis of Data - Low- and moderate -income areas were identified and mapped. - Concentrations of minority populations were analyzed. - Concentrations of wner-occupied and renter -occupied housing units were identifie apped. - Fair housing awaren i 'the community was evaluated. - Distribution by locatio f public and assisted housing units were analyzed o, d mapped. - The loexpenditures throughout the area were analyz - 413G/iHV�Ee Goals and Objectives were reviewed. • Potential IMpedirnents - Public lector policies that may be viewed as impediments were analyzed. - Private sector policies that may be viewed as impediments were analyzed. - The status of previously identified impediments was analyzed. Citizen Participation - A public survey was publicized by the various participating jurisdictions, public meetings were held, and copies of the draft Al were placed on public display to encourage citizen input. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 4 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI - The public survey was available at the following link https://www.surveVmonkeV.com/r/OSHCDBG from September 1, 2019 until November 1, 2019. • Key Findings - Median age is younger - Housing costs are high - Cost of housing (rental and purchase) increase vs income increase - Housing unit growth vs. household growth - Older housing stock requires renovations for accessibility - Building permits are down - Household incomes have increased at a slower rate than home prices. - Gaps in new home construction The City of Oshkosh Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice has identified the following impediments, as well as defined specific goals and strategies to address each impediment. Impediment 1: Need for Fair Housing Education and Outreach There is a need to imp rovNknowledge and understanding concerning the rights and responsibif individuals, families, members of the protected classes, landlorestate professionals, and public officials under the Fair 4sing Ac Goal: Improve t lies k rMwledge and awareness of the Fair Housing Act, rel Icer ations, and requirements to affirmatively further fair housi n the u Strategi In to meet this goal, the following activities and strategies should be undertaken: - 1-A: Educate residents of their rights under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-B: Educate realtors, bankers, housing providers, and other real estate professional of their responsibilities under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-C: Educate policy makers and city staff about the Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-11): Support Fair Housing organizations and legal advocacy groups to assist persons who may be victims of housing discrimination. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 5 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI - 1-E: Identify the language and communication needs of LEP persons to provide the specific language assistance that is required. - 1-F: Continue to partner with regional jurisdictions and housing providers to encourage fair housing choice throughout Winnebagoland. Impediment 2: Need for Affordable Housing Almost half (45.6%) of all renter households are paying over 30% of their monthly incomes on housing costs. A quarter (25.0%) of all owner households with a mortgage are paying over 30% of their monthly income on housing costs. The number of households that are housing cost burdened significantly increases as household income decreases. Goal: Increase the supply of decent, safe and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible through the new construction and rehabilitation of various types of housing, esp Ily h sing that is affordable to lower income households. Strategies: In order to m oal, following activities and strategies should be undert en. - 2-A: Support and a rage private developers and non-profit housing provide`rto create, through construction or rehabilitation, affordatand i- came housing. - 2-113• ON and encourage the rehabilitation of existing renter- pYhousinag wner-occupied housing units in the City for ouse80% AMI. - • Supebuyer education, training programs, and closing cosnt assistance to increase the number of owner- occupunits. - 2-11): Provide federal, state and local funding in response to HMDA data discrimination patterns to support higher loan to value ratios for minority homebuyers. - 2-E: Create a database of decent, safe, and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible for households below 80% AMI. Impediment 3: Need for Accessible Housing There is a lack of accessible housing units in the City of Oshkosh as the supply of accessible housing has not kept pace with the demand of individuals desiring to live independently. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 6 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Goal: Increase the supply of accessible housing through new construction and rehabilitation for persons with disabilities. Strategies: In order to meet this goal, the following activities and strategies should be undertaken: - 3-A: Promote the need for accessible and visitable housing by supporting and encouraging private developers and non -profits to develop, construct, or rehabilitate housing that is accessible to persons with disabilities. - 3-13: Provide financial assistance for accessibility improvements to renter -occupied and owner -occupied housing units to enable seniors and persons with disabilities to remain in their homes. - 3-C: Promote and enforce the ADAAnd Fair Housing requirements for landlords to make "reason ablefRommodations" to their rental properties so are accessible to nants. • Impediment 4: Public Policy The City Zoning Ordinan d nal definitions and provisions concerning Fair Housing. Goal: Revise the City Zoning Ordinance to promote the development of various types of affordable housing throughout the City. Strategies: In order to meet this goal, the following activities and strategies should be undertaken: - 4-A: Revise the City Zoning Ordinance to include additional definitions, statements, and revisions. - 4-13: Adopt a written Reasonable Accommodation Policy for housing developers and the Planning/Zoning Commission to follow when reasonable accommodation requests are made concerning zoning and land use as it applies to protected classes under the Fair Housing Act. - 4-C: Develop financial incentives to encourage developers and housing providers to offer more affordable housing options in the City. - 4-11): Encourage LMI, minority, and protected class resident participation in the various City Boards and Commissions. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 7 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI I. Introduction HUD defines "fair housing choice" as: "The ability of persons, regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, familial status, or handicap, of similar income levels to have available to them the same housing choices" a it Housing Analysis consists of the following six (6) conditions: • The sale or rental of dwellings (public or private); • The provision of housing brokerage services; • The provision of financial assistance for dw ings; • Public policies and actions affecting roval of sites and other building requirements used in the approval pro for the construction of publicly assisted housing; OF • The administrative policies cold housing activities, which affect o select housing inside or o rf r community development and nities of minority households to Minority concentration; and • Where there is a determin n ul segregation or other housing discrimination by a court or ing of noncompliance by HUD regarding assisted housing in a recipie 's jurisdiction, an analysis of the actions which could be taken by th recipient to remedy the discriminatory condition, including actions involving the expenditure of funds made available under 24 CFR Part 570. HUD-FHEO suggests that communities conducting a fair housing analysis consider the policies surrounding "visitability," the Section 504 Rehabilitation Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and the Fair Housing Act. Housing that is "visitable" has the most basic level of accessibility that enables persons with disabilities to visit the home of a friend, family member, or neighbor. "Visitable" housing has at least one accessible means of ingress/egress, and all interior and bathroom doorways have as a minimum a 32-inch clear opening. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (24 CFR Part 8), known as "Section 504" prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in any program receiving Federal funds. The Americans with Disabilities Act (42 U.S.C. 12131; 47 U.S.C. 155, 201, 218, and 225) (ADA) prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in all programs and activities sponsored by state and local governments. The Fair Housing Act requires property owners to make reasonable modifications to units and/or public areas in order to allow a disabled tenant to make full use of the unit. Additionally, property owners are required to make reasonable accommodations to rules or procedures to afford a disabled tenant full use of the unit. In regard to local zoning ordinances, the Fair Housing Act prohibits local government from Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 8 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI making zoning or land use decisions, or implementing land use policies that exclude or discriminate against persons of a protected class. The participating entitlement previously prepared an Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice in 2013. This Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice will outline progress that has been made since the previous Analysis of Impediments, explore the continuation of these impediments where necessary, and identify any new impediments to fair housing choice. Furthermore, this Analysis of Impediments will bring the participating entitlement communities into sequence with their FY 2020-2024 Five Year Consolidated Plans. The document is designed to act as a planning tool, providing the participating entitlement communities with the necessary framework to strategically reduce any identified impediments to fair housing choice over the next five (5) years, and continue to make modifications based on events and activities ' the community during this time period. In order to affirmatively further fair housing in the City of Oshkosh, residents recognized that they must coordinate fair housing with other entities. Fair housing choice is the goal of the Al and the opportunity should be made available to low- income residents and the members of the protected classes to live anywhere in the City of Oshkosh. tk Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 9 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI II. Background Data The City of Oshkosh is a city in Winnebago County, in eastern Wisconsin. It is situated west of Lake Michigan, between Lake Butte des Morts, and Lake Winnebago, and is bifurcated by the Fox River. Oshkosh is the sixth most populous city in the state of Wisconsin with a population of 66,083 residents as of the 2010 U.S. Census which increased to 66,649 residents in 2019 according to the latest U.S. Census Estimate. The surrounding region has a population of about 95,000. Oshkosh is approximately 53 miles south from Green Bay, Wisconsin via Interstate 41, and approximately 88 miles north from Milwaukee via Interstate 41. In the 2000s and 2010s, Oshkosh's economy has been based in the manufacturing industries with some service industries. There also has been growth in health care and education. Demographic, housing, economic, and social data was analyzed, including data from the 2000 and 2010 U.S. Census, 2011-2015 American Community Survey (ACS) Five -Year Estimates, 2011-2015 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), Association of Religious Data, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HU HUD CPD Maps, RealtyTrac, and the participating stakeholders. All dat ed in the analysis are documented in the section the data is presente T was used to evaluate the area's community and housing characteris as a basis for determining and identifying any existing impediments to fair hous choice. The City of Oshkosh was founded in 1853, and named after Chief Oshkosh of the Menominee, though the Ho -Chunk Indians lived on the site for centuries. Two towns, Athens north of the Fox River, and Brooklyn to the south, officially merged to create Oshkosh. The Chicago Fire, devastating though it was, offered an opportunity for Oshkosh's lumber industry to grow. The City boasted two dozen saw mills by 1873 and the moniker "Sawdust City". In the last century, Oshkosh's economy centered on manufacturing, including diverse offerings such as the popular adult and children's clothing brand Oshkosh B'Gosh and Oshkosh Corporation's emergency, utility, and military vehicles. A. Population, Race, Ethnicity, and Religion: The City of Oshkosh's population increased from 62,916 people in 2000 to 66,083 people in 2010 (an increase of 5.03%), and increased from 66,083 in 2010 to 66,582 in 2015 (an increase of 0.76%). Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 10 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Winnebago County's population increased from 156,763 people in 2000 to 166,994 in 2010 (an increase of 6.52%) and increased from 166,994 in 2010 to 169,004 people in 2015 (an increase of 1.20%). The State of Wisconsin's population increased from 5,363,675 people in 2000 to 5,686,986 in 2010 (an increase of 6.03%) and increased from 5,686,986 in 2010 to 5,742,117 people in 2015 (an increase of 0.97%). Population Change for the City of Oshkosh and Winnebago County 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 1-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 11 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Race The following table highlights the racial composition of the City of Oshkosh as shown in the 2010 U.S. Census and in 2015. Race and Hispanic or Latino Population in the City of Oshkosh Race and 2010 U.S. Census 2011-2015 ACS Hispanic or Latino # % # % Total 66,083 - 66,582 - One race 64,991 98.3% 65,593 98.5% White alone 59,812 90.5% 61,030 91.7% Black or African 2,051 3.1 % 2,304 3.5% American alone American Indian and Alaska Native 510 0.8°0 309 0.5% alone Asian alone Iff 3.2% 1,800 2.7% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific 30 0.0% 11 0.0% Islander alone Some othere 475 0.7% 139 0.2% alone Se Two or more 1,092 1.7% 989 1.5% races Hispanic or Latino 1,565 2.7% 2,030 3.0% Source: 2010 U.S. Census and 2011-2015 ACS The most common race identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2010 was White Alone with 59,812 residents comprising 90.5% of the population. The second most common race identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2010 was Asian Alone with 2,113 residents comprising 3.2% of the population. The most common race identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2015 was White Alone with 61,030 residents comprising 91.7% of the population. The second most common race identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2015 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 12 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI was Black or African American with 2,304 residents comprising 3.5% of the population. The following map is a racial dot map representing one dot for every person counted during the 2010 Census. Each dot is color -coded by the individual's race and ethnicity. Whites are coded as blue; African - Americans, green; Asians, red; Hispanics, orange; and all other racial categories are coded as brown. The map was created by the University of Virginia Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service Demographics Research Group. The map provides a picture of any areas that may have a grouping of non-White residents. There are small areas throughout the city with clusters of Asians and two areas in northern Oshkosh with higher concentrations of African -Americans. Racial Dot Map t 2010 Census Block Data 1 Dot =1 Person • White 0, • Black • Asian • Hispanic ome.saainaree • 1-king .rxiN� What am I looking at T Image Copyright, 2013, Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service, Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia (Dustin A. Cable, creator) Source: https://demographics.coopercenter.org/racial-dot-map The following map calculates the diversity index per Census Tract in Oshkosh. "The diversity index is an index ranging from 0 to 87.5 that represents the probability that two individuals, chosen at random in the given geography, would be of different races or ethnicities between 2013- 2017. Lower index values between 0 and 20 suggest more homogeneity and higher index values above 50 suggest more heterogeneity. Racial and ethnic diversity can be indicative of economic and behavioral patterns. For Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 13 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI example, racially and ethnically homogenous areas are sometimes representative of concentrated poverty or concentrated wealth. They could also be indicative of discriminatory housing policies or other related barriers. Data were obtained from the Census' American Community Survey 2013-2017 estimates and calculated by PolicyMap." (Source: PolicyMap.com) The majority of Oshkosh has a diversity index under 30 and represents a higher level of homogeneity. The most diverse part of Oshkosh is the northern section of the city. Year 20132DJ7 — -- Variahle� Index. Shaded 6y �yus Tract 20,0 20001 551 a9o0P00o2 EAR. 0— � �evrr�me„r aele G03 or less _ 14.84-Y9.94 _ 2e.9s-4s31 _ 653P-5].51 auas _ 57. 52 or more 55139W20003 4S13r391.K4ll3'4 Source' Diversity Index 551390019043 18.04 I ✓ 10� The folMW marprovides the Theil Index calculations per Census Tract in Oshkosh. "The Theil Index is an index ranging from 0 to 1 that displays information about racial segregation. Lower index values below .20 suggest less segregation and higher index values above .40 suggest more segregation. The Theil Index is a measure of how evenly members of racial and ethnic groups are distributed within a region, calculated by comparing the diversity of all sub -regions (Census blocks) to the region as a whole. Patterns of racial segregation can emerge as a result of systemic barriers and opportunities or localized individual preferences. For example, highly segregated areas may be indicative of discriminatory housing practices or other related barriers. Data used in the calculation of this index were derived from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2010 Decennial Census." (Source: PolicyMap.com) The Theil Index for all areas of the city suggests a lack of segregation with all areas below .45. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 14 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Theil Index _ MLLM F5d ]90022013 - k ThelI Index Year 2✓110 :... ^,.55t 3b991;i091 t7 V—ble.- Index .. Shaded by. census Tra, 2a7o All 29 55139a92o0nR -.- 15.199n91gnc3 . 78A4 EDIT- I�LJP6- RP115E5- Insuff im[Oa�a 0.11 w less D12 T] _ 9.19-®23 551390018M)3 _ 0.23-6.32 _ oaaw more d9902999 Source: Ethnicity The followi tab ighlights the ethnicities of Oshkosh residents as of 2010 a icity and Ancestry in the City of Oshkosh Ancestry 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Total Population 65,507 - 66,582 Afghan 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Albanian 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Alsatian 0 0.0% 0 0.0% American 1,694 2.6% 2,384 3.6% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 15 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Arab 55 0.0% 120 0.2% Armenian 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac 0 0.0% 41 0.0% Australian 0 0.0% 15 0.0% Austrian 205 0.3% 268 0.4% Basque 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Belgian 136 0.20% 301 0.5% Brazilian 0 % 28 0.0% British 69 0 203 0.3% Bulgarian 0 0. 7 0.0% Cajun 0.0% 0 0.0% Canadian 0.0% 34 0.0% Carpatho Rusyn 0.0% 0 0.0% Celtic 7 0.0% 10 0.0% Croatian 76 0.1 % 79 0.0% Cypriot 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Czech 321 0.5% 471 0.7% Czechoslovakian 53 0.0% 91 0.0% Danish 308 0.5% 482 0.7% Dutch 513 0.8% 1,225 1.8% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 16 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Eastern European 11 0.0% 0 0.0% English 2,222 3.4% 3,509 5.3% Estonian 0 0.0% 0 0.0% European 285 0.4% 670 1.0% Finnish 330 0.5% 232 0.3% French (except Basque) 1,146 1.7% 2,355 3.5% French Canadian 370 0.6°l 359 0.5% German 30,701 'A.9% 3,811 50.8% German Russian 0 0 20 0.0% Greek 94V*414A 0. 116 0.2% Guyanese 0.0% 0 0.0% Hungarian 0.2% 214 0.3% Icelander 0.0% 8 0.0% Iranian 33 0.0% 25 0.0% Irish 3,711 5.7% 6,418 9.6% Israeli 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Italian 1,217 1.9% 2,323 3.5% Latvian 0 0.0% 65 0.0% Lithuanian 21 0.0% 168 0.3% Luxemburger 21 0.0% 61 0.0% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 17 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Macedonian 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Maltese 0 0.0% 0 0.0% New Zealander 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Northern European 138 0.2% 25 0.0% Norwegian 1,848 2.8% 2,478 3.7% Pennsylvania German 19 0.0% 28 0.0% Polish 2,785 4.30 4,544 6.8% Portuguese 0 % 0 0.0% Romanian 6 0 120 0.2% Russian 259 0. 406 0.6% Scandinavian 0.2% 300 0.5% Scotch -Irish 2410%111� 0.4% 131 0.2% Scottish 7 0.6% 596 0.9% Serbian 0 0.0% 35 0.0% Slavic 24 0.0% 5 0.0% Slovak 33 0.0% 26 0.0 Slovene 0 0.0% 29 0.0% Soviet Union 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Subsaharan African 188 0.3% 239 0.4% Swedish 475 0.7% 854 1.3% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 18 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Swiss 303 0.5% 308 0.5% Turkish 0 0.0% 0 0.0% Ukrainian 28 0.0% 52 0.0% Welsh 318 0.5% 373 0.6% West Indian (except Hispanic groups) 17 0.0% 2 0.0% Yugoslavian 48 0.0% 78 0.0% Other groups 8,140 12.4" 9,784 14.7% Unclassified or not reported 6,346 %JJA - 9,236 13.9% rce6-2010 ACS and 2011-2015 ACS The most common ancestral group identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2010 was "German" with 30,701 residents comprising 46.9% of the population. The second most common specific ancestral group identified in the City of Oshkosh in 2010 was "Irish" with 3,711 residents comprising 5.7% percent of the population. The most common specific ancestral group identified in the City of Oshkosh in 201 was also "German" with 33,811 residents comprising 50.8% of the p lation. The second most common specific ancestral group i tified i the City of Oshkosh in 2015 was "Irish" with 6,418 residents pr' g 9.6% of the population. Nearly a quarter of respondents identified as, "Other Groups" and "Unclassified or Not Reported." These classifications accounted for 22.1 % of the population in 2010 and 28.6% in 2015. The only notable change in proportional representation of the ancestral groups in the City of Oshkosh from 2010 to 2015 was the 3.9% increase in the proportion of residents who identify as German (30,701 persons, or 46.9% in 2010 to 33,811 persons, or 50.8% in 2015) and Irish (3,711 persons, or 5.7% in 2010 to 6,418 persons, or 9.6% in 2015). Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 19 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Age— Oshkosh The following chart illustrates age distribution in the City of Oshkosh at the time of the 2010 U.S. Census and 2011-2015 ACS. The Census shows that currently, children under 20 years of age represent 30.2% of the population; 38.2% of the population is between 20 and 45 years of age; 20.5% of the population is 45 to 65; and 11.2% of the population is 65 years of age and older. Age Distribution Change for the City of Oshkosh 85 years and over 75 to 84 years 65 to 74 years 60 to 64 years 55 to 59 years 45 to 54 years 35 to 44 yea 25 to 34 yea 20 to 24 yea 15 to 19 yea 10 to 14 yea 5to9yea Under 5 yea ,000 10,000 ■ 2010 2011-2015 ACS Source: 2010 U.S. Census and 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 20 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Religion — Oshkosh, WI The U.S. Census does not collect data on the religious affiliations of the population in the United States. In an effort to better understand the religious affiliations of the residents of the City of Oshkosh, the City used the data made available by The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA). ARDA surveys the congregation members, their children, and other people who regularly attend religious services across the country. Although this data appears to be the most comprehensive data that is available, it is unfortunately not entirely complete as it does not accurately include traditional African American denominations, as well as a listing of non-Christian religions. The total number of regular attendees was adjusted in 2010 (the most recent year for which data is available) to represent the population including historic African American denominations. However, the total value cannot be disaggregated to determine the distribution across denominational groups. The table below shows the distribu ' of residents of Winnebago County across various denominational ps, a percentage of the population which reported affiliation with a c Religious Affiliation in Win go County 1980 19 2000 2010 # % % # % # % Evangelical 15,974 12.1% 18,751 13.4% 18,943 12.1% 23,938 14.3% Protestant Mainline 31,673 24.0% 31,044 22.1% 26,534 16.9% 21,022 12.6% Protestant Catholic 35,197 26.7% 39,842 28.4% 43,690 27.9% 36,514 21.9% Other 252 0.2% 150 0.1 % 842 0.5% 1,359 0.8% Total Adherents: 83,096 63.1% 89,787 64.0% 90,009 57.4% 82,833 49.6% Unclaimed (% of total 48,607 36.9% 50,533 36.0% 66,754 42.6% 84,161 50.4% population) Total 131,703 100.0% 140,320 100.0% 156,763 100.0% 166,994 100.0% Population Source: The Association of Religion Data The most common religious affiliation identified in Winnebago County in 1980 was "Unclaimed" with 48,607 non -adherents comprising of 36.9% of the population. The second most common religious affiliation identified in Winnebago County in 1980 was "Catholic" with 35,197 adherents Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 21 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI comprising 26.7% of the population. The "Mainline Protestant" religious affiliation was comprised of 24.0%, or 31,673 adherents. The most common religious affiliation identified in Winnebago County in 2010 was "Unclaimed" with 84,161 non -adherents comprising of 50.4% of the population. The second most common religious affiliation identified in the Winnebago County in 2010 was "Catholic" with 36,514 adherents comprising of 21.9% of the population. The "Evangelical Protestant" religious affiliation, although technically the third largest, should be noted as well as 23,938 adherents comprising of 14.3% of the population identified as "Evangelical Protestant". There were two changes in proportional representation of the religious groups in Winnebago County from 1980 to 2010 that were larger than 5.0 percentage points. First, there was a 13.5% increase in the number of residents who identify as "Unclaimed" w ich included 48,607 persons, or 36.9%, in 1980 to 84,161 persons, or 4%, in 2010. Second, there was a 11.4% decrease in the number esidents who identify as "Mainline Protestant" which included 31,6 errs, or 24.0% in 1980 to 21,022 persons, or 12.6%, in 2010. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 22 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI B. Households: The following table highlights the changes in the number of households and population in the area over the span of fifteen (15) years. POPULATION tearHOUSEHOLDS # Change # Change 2000 24,082 - 62,916 - 2010 26,138 8.5% 66,083 5.0% 2015 26,152 0.1 % 66,582 0.7% Source: 2000 U.S. Census, 2010 U.S. Census, and 2011-2015 ACS Household Tenure According to the 2000 U.S. Cen! the City of Oshkosh. Of these occupied and 1,338 (5.3 units, 13,851 (57.5%) we o renter -occupied. =, According to increased to (92.8%) V occupied 11,445 (43.f betwee% 00 ere were 25,420 housing units in ing units, 24,082 (94.7%) were pied. Of the occupied housing Orpied and 10,231 (42.5%) were 01 Offi.S. sus, the total number of housing units ! crease. Of the total housing units, 26,138 ,occupied and 2,041 (7.2%) were unoccupied. Of the nits in 2010, 14,693 (56.2%) were owner -occupied and are renter -occupied. The increase in housing units ?010 was 2,759 units. According toW 2015 ACS 5-Year estimates, there were 28,214 housing units in the City of Oshkosh; a 0.1 % increase. Of the total housing units, 26,152 (92.7%) were occupied and 2,062 (7.3%) were unoccupied. Of the occupied housing units, 13,868 (53.0%) were owner -occupied and 12,284 (47.0%) were renter -occupied. From 2010 to 2015 there was: a 35 unit increase in the total number of housing units; a 14 unit increase (0.1 %) in the number of occupied units; and a 21 unit increase (0.1 %) in the number of unoccupied housing units. The number of owner -occupied units decreased by 825 units (5.6%) and the number of renter -occupied units increased by 839 (7.3%). The maps below illustrate the concentrations of owner -occupied and renter -occupied housing units. Higher concentrations of a particular housing type are accentuated by a darker color. In Oshkosh, owner - Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 23 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI occupied units increase towards the outskirts of the city and renter - occupied units increase towards the city center. Percentage Owner -Occupied Housing Source: HUD CPD Maps Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 24 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Percentage Renter -Occupied Housing In 2000, the Werage household size was 2.31 persons and the average family size was 2.95 persons. In 2010, the average household size was 2.24 persons and the average family size was 2.90 persons. In 2015, the average household size was 2.26 persons and the average family size was 2.94 persons. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 25 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Household Tenure by Size in Oshkosh 4-or-more-person household 3-person household 2-person household 1-person household 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 ■ Renter Occupied ■ Owner Occ Source: 2011-2015 ACS Significant household shifts in OS osh included the 825 unit decrease in owner -occupied units from 2010 to 2015 and the 839 increase in renter - occupied units from 2010 to 2015. Family and household sizes have increased since 2000. While owner -occupancy rates are declining, for an urban city, there still is a healthy balance between owner -occupied and renter -occupied housing units. The number of households has been increasing over the past 15 years at the same time as the population has increased. The increase in households and increase in population has put more housing supply pressure on the renter -occupied housing market. Household Tenure by Race and Ethnicity The table below compares homeowners and renters by race and ethnicity in Oshkosh. White households represent 95.6% of all households, 97.5% of homeowners, and 93.5% of renters. Asian households represent 2.4% of all households, 1.6% of homeowners, and 3.2% of renters. Black or African American households represent 1.2% of all households, 0.2% of homeowners, and 2.4% of renters. Hispanic or Latino households represent 1.6% of all households, 1.0% of homeowners, and 2.2% of renters. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 26 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Household Tenure by Race and Ethnicity in the City of Oshkosh 2010 U.S. Census 2011-2015 ACS Cohort Owner Renter Owner Renter Householder who is White 97.0% 92.2% 97.5% 93.5/° ° alone Householder who is Black 0 4% 2 1 % 0.2 ° 2.4 ° /°/° or African American alone Householder who is American Indian and 0.3% 0.7% 0.1% 0.1% Alaska Native alone Householder who is Asian 1.5% 1.6% 3.2% alone .7% Householder who is Native Hawaiian and 0.0 0. 0.0% 0.0% Other Pacific Islander alone Householder who is some % 0.9% 0.1 % 0.2% other race alone '4 Householder who is two or 0.5% 1.3% 0.5% 0.5% more races Householder who is 1.1 % 2.6% 1.0% 2.2/° ° Hispanic or Latino Source: 2010 U.S. Census and 2011-2015 ACS Homeownership rates continue to decline in the City. Homeowners represented 57.6 percent (13,833 households) of all households in 2000, 56.2 percent (14,693 households) of all households in 2010, and 53.0 percent (13,868 households) of all households in 2015. In response, rental rates increased in the City. Renters represented 42.4 percent (10,193 households) of all households in 2000, 43.7 percent (11,445 households) of all households in 2010, and 47.0 percent (12,284 households) of all households in 2015. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 27 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Significant shifts in the City of Oshkosh include the 825 unit decrease in owner -occupied units from 2010 to 2015, which was a 6.0 percentage point decrease and the 839 unit increase in renter -occupied units from 2010 to 2015 was an 8.0 percentage point increase. Families In 2000, there were a total of 24,082 households in Oshkosh. Non -family households comprised 43.3% (10,429 households) of all households. In 2010, there were a total of 26,138 households, an increase of 2,056 households, and the percentage of non -family households had increased to 47.0% (12,302 households). There was an increase of 1,873 non -family households between 2000 and 2010. The increase in households was not necessarily because of an increase of non -family households, but the net increase of non -family households is 91.1 % of the net increase all households. In 2015, there were a total of 26,152 households, of which 48.4% (12,662 households) were non -family households. The total number of households in Oshkosh increased by 14 households from 2010 to 2017. as did the total number of -family households, an increase of 2.9% (360 households). non-f household is defined as a householder living alone o i n related by family. In 2015, non -family houselTs comprised 48.4% of all households, married -couple family house s comprised 40.0% of all households, female householders with no usband present comprised 11.5% of all households, and male householders with no wife present comprised 4.1 % of all households in the City. The chart below illustrates the breakdown of households by type in the City of Oshkosh as of 2015 using data from the 2011-2015 ACS. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 28 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Households in Oshkosh )uple family household eholder, no wife present, Behold useholder, no husband imily household household Source: 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 29 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI C. Income and Poverty: Household Income The median household income for the City of Oshkosh increased by 0.5 percent over the time period of 2010 to 2015 from $42,435 in 2010 to $42,650 in 2015. The median household income for Winnebago County increased by 2.0 percent over the same time period from $50,974 in 2010 to $52,018 in 2015. The median household income for the State of Wisconsin increased by 3.4 percent over the same time period from $ 98 in 2010 to $53,357 in 2015. The table below compares the distri on of h ehold income according to the 2006-2010 American C unity Sury and the 2011-2015 American Community Survey. Household Income in kosh. WI MW Items J/N' IL A V 2 006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Number of `Households fl percentage Number of Households percentage Total Households 25,081 - 26,152 - Less than $10,000 1,574 6.30% 1,705 6.50% $10,000 to $14,999 1,604 6.40% 1,873 7.20% $15,000 to $24,999 3,840 15.30% 3,930 15.00% $25,000 to $34,999 3,170 12.60% 3,337 12.80% $35,000 to $49,999 4,122 16.40% 4,071 15.60% $50,000 to $74,999 5,297 21.10% 5,347 20.40% $75,000 to $99,999 2,718 10.80% 2,938 11.20% $100,000 to $149,999 2,079 8.30% 2,080 8.00% $150,000 to $199,999 360 1.40% 532 2.00% $200,000 or more 317 1.30% 339 1.30% Median Household Income 42,435 - 42,650 - Source: 2006-2010 and 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 30 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI FY 2019 Income Limits Oshkosh -Neenah, WI MSA HUD Metro FMR Area Income 1 Person 2 Person 3 Person 4 Person 5 Person 6 Person 7 Person 8 Person Category Extremely Low (30%) $16,450 $18,800 $21,330 $25,750 $30,170 $34,590 $39,010 $43,430 Income Limits Very Low (50%) $27,400 $31,300 $35,200 $39,100 $42,250 $45,400 $48,650 $51,750 Income Limits Low (80%) $43,900 $50,200 $56,450 $62,700 $67,750 $72,750 $77,750 $82,800 Income Limits Source: U.S. Departtfi€nt using and Urban Development On February 14, 2019, HUD released CPD-19-0 tice that updated the Department's Low- and Moderate -Income Summary Data (LMISD) based on the American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-year estimates (2015 ACS). These data will replace the prior LMISD based on the American Community Survey 2006-2010 5-year estimates (2010 ACS) for the purposes of demonstrating compliance with the CDBG National Objective of providing benefit to low- and moderate -income persons on an area basis ("Area Benefit" or LMA). The table below highlights the current low - and moderate -income population in the City of Oshkosh, and in Winnebago Courk. The block groups that have a population of more than 51 % to oderate-income are highlighted and bold. The City of Oshk has an erall low- and moderate -income population of 50.81 %. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 31 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Low- and Moderate -Income Population FY 2019 for Oshkosh and Winnebago County PLACE Oshkosh COUNTY Winnebago County CT 100 BG 1 LIVIII 450 TOT .O. 1,135 PERCENT 39.65% Oshkosh Winnebago County 100 2 480 1,100 43.64% shkos Winnebago County 100 77.42% Oshkosh Winnebago County 200 1 430 890 48.31% Oshkosh Winnebago County 200 2 290 780 37.18% shkos Winnebago County 200 ,030 71.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 300 1 350 875 40.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 300 2 1,025 2,140 47.90% Oshkosh Winnebago County 300 3 160 1,145 13.97% Oshkosh Winnebago County 400 1 415 765 54.25% Oshkosh Winnebago County 400 2 820 1,220 67.21% Oshkosh Winnebago County 400 555 965 57.51% Oshkosh Winnebago County 500 1 625 1,265 49.41% Oshkosh Winnebago County 500 2 165 505 32.67% Oshkosh Winnebago County 500 3 1,295 1,455 89.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 500 4 1,125 1,220 92.21% Oshkosh Winnebago County 500 51, 420 720 58.33% Oshkosh Winnebago Cgunty Too 6 795 1,070 74.30% Oshkosh Winnebago County 700 1 755 855 88.30% Oshkosh Winnebago County 700 2 0 0 0.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 700 3 1,095 1,215 90.12% Oshkosh Winnebago County 800 1 350 995 35.18% Oshko Winnebago County 800 2 665 1,175 56.60% Oshkosh Winnebago County 800 3 390 910 42.86% Oshkosh Winnebago County 900 1 620 1,645 37.69% Oshkosh Winnebago County 900 2 875 1,670 52.40% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1000 1 780 1,200 65.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1000 2 1,145 1,490 76.85% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1100 1 675 945 71.43% hkosh Winnebago County 1100 2 445 860 51.74% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1100 3 360 1,010 35.64% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1100 4 325 1,095 29.68% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1200 1 460 940 48.94% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1200 2 650 1,250 52.00% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1300 1 465 705 65.96% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1300 2 305 635 48.03% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1300 3 385 1,035 37.20% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 32 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Winnebago Count 1401 j§§F0 ,040 dU3.46% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1400 2 305 770 39.61% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1400 3 650 1,585 41.01% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1400 4 305 825 36.97% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1500 1 735 1,035 71.01% Oshkosh Winnebago CountyMIL1500 11111MIJ5 1,180 56.36% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1500 3 335 1,085 30.88% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1600 1 880 2,110 41.71% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1600 2 275 585 47.01% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1700 1 155 1,130 13.72% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1700 2 215 390 55.13% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1700 3 580 1,030 56.31% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1700 4 75 330 22.73% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1801 1 155 2,865 5.41% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1801 2 630 1,270 49.61% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1801 3 270 1,225 22.04% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1803 1 475 2,285 20.79% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1803 1,055 2,290 46.07% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1803 675 1,525 44.26% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1804 2 355 1,085 32.72% Oshkosh Winnebago County 1900 ,r"qw 680 1,760 38.64% Oshkosh Winnebago C 1900 2 395 1,785 22.13% Sour: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 33 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Low- and ikosh Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development The low- and moderate -income census tracts are generally located in the central and northern sections of the City. There is some overlap of higher minority concentrations in the low- and moderate income census tracts in the central and western sections of the City. The percentage of families living in poverty experienced an increase from 8.1 % in 2010 to 9.5% in 2015, according to U.S. Census and ACS data. Female head of household, no husband present, families with related children under the age of 18 whose income was below poverty level was 37.3% in 2010 and 41.9% in 2015, according to U.S. Census and ACS data. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 34 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI There was a decrease in all people whose income level was below poverty level from 18.8% in 2000 to 16.1 % in 2010 and then an increase to 17.9% in 2015, according to ACS data. Individuals under the age of 18 whose income was below the poverty level was 8.6% in 2000, 14.2% in 2010 and 20.4% in 2015, according to U.S. Census and ACS data. Family and Household Poverty Oshkosh's poverty statistics for families with children are highlighted in the chart below Percentage of Families and Households in Poverty in the City of Oshkosh, WI Female head of household with related children under 5 years only Female head of household with related children under 18 years Families with female householder, no husband present �I Married couples with related children r 5 years only Married couples with related chi un V years arried co fam s Families with related children under 5 years only Families with related children under 18 years All families 0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00% 50.00% 60.00% 2015 2010 Source: 2006-2010 and 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 35 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI D. Employment: Occupation In 2010, according to 2010 ACS Estimates, the total number of eligible workers (population 16 years and over) in the City of Oshkosh was 54,341 persons. In 2010, 63.9 percent (34,723 persons) of eligible workers were active in the labor force and 6.3 percent (3,423 persons) of eligible workers in the work force were unemployed. In 2015, according to 2015 ACS Estimates, the total number of eligible workers (population 16 years and over) in the City of Oshkosh was 55,751 persons. In 2015, 62.1 percent (34,621 persons) of eligible workers were active in the labor force and 5.3 percent (2,955 persons) of eligible workers in the work force were unemployed. Workers in 2015 had a mean travel tiob to work of 17.1 minutes. According to the 2011-2015 ArrV, 28.9 percent (7,563 households receive income from Social Secui 2017 was $17,141. V% The following occupation. bmmunity Survey, an estimated seholds in the City of Oshkosh mean Social Security Income for distribution of Oshkosh workers by in the City of Oshkosh 2015 ■ Management, business, science, and arts occupations ■ Service occupations Sales and office occupations Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations Production, transportation, and material moving occupations Source: 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 36 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Worker Distribution by Occupation in the City of Oshkosh Production, transportation, and material moving occupations Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations Sales and office occupations Service occupations Management, business, science, and arts occupations Worker Class in the 1.70% 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 Porkers 2006-2010 ACS and 2011-2015 ACS 2011-2015 ACS ■ Employee of private company workers ■ Self-employed in own incorporated business workers ® Private not -for -profit wage and salary workers Local, state, and Federal government workers Self-employed in own not incorporated business workers and unpaid family workers Source: 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 37 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Unemployment Rate — Oshkosh City, WI The data is from January 2010 to September 2019. The unemployment rate for the City is represented by the yellow line. The data was provided as non -seasonally adjusted, so manual adjustment was required for comparison. The non -seasonally adjusted City data was manually adjusted to be seasonally adjusted by weighting each data point against a moving pre-6th month and post-6th month average. By weighting each data point against a moving average, the data becomes seasonally adjusted by eliminating the consistent and cyclical increase in unemployment that is observed during the December -January -February month time frame. The unemployment rate for the State of Wisconsin is represented by the blue "State" line. The State data was provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics as seasonally adjusted, so manual adjustment was not required for comparison. The national unemployment rate is represented by the green "National" line. The national data was rovided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics as seasonally adjusted, so al atment was not required for comparison. Cit O cosh employment Rate v 12 OM 10 a 8 v E 6 o Ah" - a 4 E IL v 2 c M 0 C T Q C ? Q C T Q C T fl_ C T fl_ C ? Q C T Q C T Q C T Q C ? Q (6 f6 N (6 f6 N (6 (6 N (6 (6 N /6 [6 N (0 c6 n (0 c6 d N c6 n N c6 Ql N Ql o � N � m "I a � in N-4 io N-4 r N-4 x -4 M ti o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o 0 o o o o o o o N O N N O �, N O n, N O n, N O n, N O N N O N N O N N O N N O N N N N N N N N N N N Date —National Wisconsin Oshkosh Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Data Analysis From January 2010 to September 2019, the City unemployment rate was slightly lower (an average of 1 percentage point) than the National unemployment rate and was on average with the State unemployment Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 38 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI E. rate. All three unemployment rates trended downwards at roughly the same rate. The trends suggest that the economic situation in the State of Wisconsin and in the City of Oshkosh performed better than the national average. Unemployment in Wisconsin and the City remained lower than the national average through September 2019. Additionally, as of February 2016, the City unemployment level dropped below 4.0 percent, whereas the national and State unemployment level remained above 4.0 percent until September 2016, and April 2018 respectively. The slope of the City unemployment rate trendline is flatter than the slopes of the national and state trendlines, which could suggest that there will be further separation between the City unemployment rate and the state and national unemployment r s in the future. Housing Profile: Housing Profile Nearly one-third (29.9 per 8,4 nits) of Oshkosh's housing stock was built prior to 1939,V60r o er 80 years old. The second largest grouping (12.9 percent, 3,631 -units) of Oshkosh's housing stock was built from 199 1999. The followingA e c*15. the year that housing structures were built in the City of Os Oa6s o eaNStNuruilt in the City of Oshkosh Year Structure BUT u t Number Percentage Built 2014 or Later 0 - Built 2010 to 2013 150 0.5% Built 2000 to 2009 2,771 9.8% Built 1980 to 1999 6,211 22.0% Built 1960 to 1979 6,226 22.19% Built 1940 to 1959 4,433 15.7% Built 1939 or Earlier 8,423 29.9% Total 28,214 Source: 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 39 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The majority of housing units in the City of Oshkosh are 1-unit attached comprising 54.2 percent (28,214 units) of housing units. Multifamily residential structures of 10 or more units represent only 4.9 percent (1,376 units) of housing units. The following chart illustrates the composition of the housing stock in the City of Oshkosh as of 2015. The subsequent chart on the next page expands on this information, detailing the number of building permits issued until 2019. Housing Units in the City of Oshkosh 2015 1.4% 0.0% 1-unit, detached 1-unit, attached 2 units ■ 3 or 4 units ■ 5 to 9 units ■ 10 to 19 units 20 or more units Mobile home Boat, RV, van, etc. Source: 2011-2015 ACS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 40 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The following table contains data on the number of permits for residential construction issued by jurisdictions in the City. Units Authorized by Building Permits — City of Oshkosh YEAR Total Single Family Multi -Family 5+ Units 2019 21 21 0 0 2018 37 29 8 8 2017 168 31 137 129 2016 95 14 81 71 2015 275 17 258 248 2014 157 15 Iff 136 2013 87 23 64 64 2012 28 18 10 6 2011 195 12 183 181 2010 122 22 100 90 2009 73 13 60 52 2008 110 39 71 67 2007 150 78 72 72 2006 225 51 174 154 2005 130 67 63 23 2004 286 140 146 121 2003 497 159 338 285 2002 359 157 202 134 2001 446 121 325 278 Source: SOCDS Building Permits Database, HUD Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 41 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 600 500 *= 400 c 300 aj ;_ z 200 100 0 Units Authorized by Building Permits - Oshkosh, WI 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Single Family The Area has seen an overall decrease in the total number of new units constructed, most notably for single family homes. Across the 19-year period, an average of 70.0 percent of new units each year were for multi- family units. As such, the trends seen in the total number of units authorized is very closely correlated with number of multi -family units authorized. Single-family units have decreased relatively slowly over the past ninete ears, but had a massive spike in 2007. The minimum p s Wthe data were all between the years of 2011 and 2012, which align with the general lowest point in the national economy following the h ing market crash of 2008-2009. The year with the highest number of units authorized was 2003 and the year with the highest number of single-family units was also 2003. The average number of total units authorized per year in the years following the 2008-2009 housing crash are only one-third the average number of total units authorized per year in the years preceding the 2008-2009 housing crash. In general, this data would suggest that the City of Oshkosh housing market has not recovered from the 2008-2009 market collapse. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 42 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI F. Housing Costs: Owner Costs The median monthly housing cost for owner -occupied households was $854 in 2000; $994 in 2010; and $928 in 2015. The median monthly housing cost for owner -occupied households increased by 16.4 percent ($140) from 2000 to 2010, decreased by 6.6 percent ($66) from 2010 to 2015, and overall increased by 8.7 percent ($74) from 2000 to 2015. The following table illustrates mortgage status and selected monthly owner costs in 2010 and 2015. Monthly Owner Costs in the City of Oshkosh Monthly Owner Cost 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Number of Housing Units percentage AW Number of Housing Units percentage Owner -Occupied Housing Units 14,816 5 9. 1 13,868 53.0% Less than $300 548 3.7 439 3.2% $300 to $499 2,385 16.1 % 2,038 14.7% $500 to $799 2,548 &014W 3,016 21.7% $800 to $999 1,985 6.7% 2,415 17.4% $1,000 to $1,499 4,756 32.1 % 4,005 28.9% $1,500 to $1,999 2,015 13.6% 1,320 9.5% $2,000 or more 78 3.9% 635 4.6% No Cash Rent - - - Median (dollars) 99T 928 I Source: 2006-2010 and 2011-2015 American Community Survey The following table illustrates housing costs for owner -households in 2010 and 2015 according to the 2006-2010 ACS and the 2011-2015 ACS. Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentaae of Household Income in the Citv of Oshkosh 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Owner Costs as a % of Income Number of Number of Housing Units percentage Housing Units percentage Owner -Occupied 14,816 59.1 13,868 53.0 /o HousingUnits Less than $20,000 1,319 8.9% 1,331 9.6% Less than 20 percent 74 0.5% 69 0.5% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 43 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 20 to 29 percent 207 1.4% 166 1.2% 30 percent or more 1,037 28.6% 1,081 7.8% $20,000 to $34,999 2,193 14.8% 2,150 15.5% Less than 20 percent 770 5.2% 472 3.4% 20 to 29 percent 474 3.2% 707 5.1 % 30 percent or more 948 6.4% 971 7.0% $35,000 to $49,999 2,296 15.5% 1,969 14.2% Less than 20 percent 711 4.8% 721 5.2% 20 to 29 percent 785 5.3% 707 5.1 % 30 percent or more 800 5.4% 541 3.9% $50,000 to $74,999 4,030 27.2% 3,300 23.8% Less than 20 percent 1,615 10.9% 1,761 12.7% 20 to 29 percent 1,793 12.1 % 1,290 9.3% 30 percent or more 622 4.2% 250 1.8% $75,000 or more 4,934 33.3% 5,020 36.2% Less than 20 percent 3,748 25.3% 3,924 28.3% 20 to 29 percent 1,066 7.2% 943 6.8% 30 percent or more 119 0.8% 166 1.2% Zero or negative income 29.6 1 0.2% 97 % No cash rent - - - 10 and 2011-2015 American Community Survey HUD definesXnof! Orden as a household that pays over 30 percent or moo y income on housing costs. In 2010, 23.8 percent owner -occupied units were cost burdened and 21.7 percent s) of owner -occupied households in 2015 were cost burdened. Fore According to RealtyTrac, the City of Oshkosh had 20 properties in some stage of foreclosure in November 2019; a foreclosure rate of 1 in every 12,180 housing units. In October 2019, the number of properties that received a foreclosure filing in Oshkosh was 66.7% lower than the previous month and 83.3% lower than the same time last year. During the past twelve months, foreclosures have averaged 5 with a high of 11 foreclosures in July 2019 and a low of 1 foreclosures in November 2018. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 44 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 45 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Renter Costs The median monthly housing cost for renter -occupied households was $612 in 2010; and $671 in 2015. The median monthly housing cost for renter -occupied households increased by 9.6 percent ($59) from 2010 to 2015. The following table illustrates mortgage status and selected monthly renter costs in 2010 and 2015. Selected Monthly Renter Costs in the Citv of Oshkosh Monthly Renter Cost 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Number of Housing Units percentage Number of Housing Units percentage Renter -Occupied Housing Units 10,265 40.9% 12,284 47.0% Less than $300 1,379 5.5% 565 4.6% $300 to $499 3,687 14.7% 1,314 10.7% $500 to $799 13,669 54.5% 6,277 51.1 % $800 to $999 3,235 12.99% 2,579 21.0% $1,000 to $1,499 1,956 7.8Z. 1,154 9.4% $1,500 to $1,999 326 1.3% 111 0.9% $2,000 or more 3 1.5% 111 0.9% No Cash Rent 451 1.8% 197 1.6% Median (dollars) $612 - $671 - ource: 2006-2010 and 2013-2017 American Community Survey The following to illu rates housing costs for renter -households in 2010 and 2015 according to the 2006-2010 ACS and the 2011-2015 ACS. Selected Monthly Renter Costs as a Percentage of Household Income in the Citv of Oshkosh 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Renter Costs as a % of Income Number of Number of Housing Units percentage Housing Units Percentage Renter -Occupied 10,265 40.9% 12,284 47.0% Housing Units Less than $20,000 3,418 33.3% 4,140 33.70% Less than 20 percent 123 1.2% 61 0.50% 20 to 29 percent 370 3.6% 393 3.20% 30 percent or more 2,936 28.6% 3,685 30.00% $20,000 to $34,999 2,977 29.0% 2,935 23.90% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 46 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Less than 20 percent 349 3.4% 257 2.10% 20 to 29 percent 1,150 11.2% 1,216 9.90% 30 percent or more 1,478 14.4% 1,462 11.90% $35,000 to $49,999 1,807 17.6% 2,088 17.00% Less than 20 percent 893 8.7% 811 6.60% 20 to 29 percent 801 7.8% 1,069 8.70% 30 percent or more 113 1.1 % 221 1.80% $50,000 to $74,999 1,263 12.3% 1,941 15.80% Less than 20 percent 1,037 10.1 % 1,474 12.00% 20 to 29 percent 205 2.0% 393 3.20% 30 percent or more 21 0.2% 74 0.60% $75,000 or more 503 4.9% &835 6.80% Less than 20 percent 482 4.7% 749 6.10% 20 to 29 percent 21 0.2% 73 0.60% 30 percent or more 0 0.0% 12 0.10% Zero or negative income 103 1.007 14 1.20% No cash rent 185 197 1.60% Source: 2006-2010W011-2015 American Community Survey Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Citv of Oshkosh Rental Cost as a % of Income 2006-2010 ACS 2011-2015 ACS Number of Housing Units _PercentageHousina Number of nits Percentage Rental Units paying rent 10,265 12,284 Less than 15 percent 4,156 11.3% 1,617 13.2% 15 to 19 percent 1729 16.8% 1,734 14.1 % 20 to 24 percent 11235 12.0% 1,757 14.3% 25 to 29 percent 1,310 12.8% 1,387 11.3% 30 to 34 percent 760 7.4% 814 6.6% 35 percent or more 3,782 36.84% 4,632 37.7% Not computed 293 2.85% 343 2.79% Source: 2006-2010 and 2011-2015 American Community Survey HUD defines a housing cost burden as a household that pays over 30 percent or more of its monthly income on housing costs. In 2010, 44.25 percent (4,542 units) of renter -occupied units were cost burdened and 44.33 percent (5,446 units) of renter -occupied households in 2015 were cost burdened. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 47 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI In 2010, 23.8 percent (3,526 units) of owner -occupied households were cost burdened whereas 44.25 percent (4,542) of renter -occupied households were cost burdened. In 2015, 21.7 percent (3,009 units) of owner -occupied households were cost burdened whereas 44.33 percent (5,446 units) of renter -occupied households were cost burdened. FY 2020 Fair Market Rents (FMR) for Oshkosh -Neenah, WI Rent Efficiency One- Two- Three- Four - Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Bedroom Fair Market Rent J $546 $616 $787 $1,057 $1,307 Source: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fair Market Rents (FMRs) are primarily used to determine payment standard amounts for HUD assisted housing. The area median rent is estimated to be $671 according to the 2011-2015 ACS data, which is approximately the cost of a two -bedroom rental and within market expectations. The average rents posted commercially exceed the area median rent and fair market rents but only by a small factor. The rental market in the City of Oshkosh is competitive and , assisted renta ousing units do not disproportionately impact the market forces dirt r n the City. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 48 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI G. Household Housing Problems: Summary of Housing Needs There was a 5.8% increase in the City of Oshkosh's population between the 2000 Census and 2011-2015 American Community Survey. Households grew by 8.6% and household income increased by 13.3%. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Price Index (CPI), prices in 2015 are 12.41 % higher than average prices as compared to prices in 2000. The dollar experienced an average inflation rate of 2.15% per year during this period. This relationship equated to a decrease in housing unit supply and an increase in housing demand. Unfortunately, even with the increase in median household incomes, housing became more expensive in terms of real dollars for the average household in the County. General Demographics for City of Oshkosh Demographics Base Year: 2009 Most Recent Year: op 2015 % Change Population 66,083 66,580 1 % Households 24,715 26,150 6% Median Income ,328 42,650 1% rce: 2-2009S (Base Year) and 2011-2015 ACS (Most Recent Year) The following da s prove ed by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Developrhen UD) based on the 2011-2015 ACS data. The tables disaggregate households and housing problems based on the area's media usehol 'ncome (HAMFI). Household Types Iff 0-30% HAMFI >30-50% HAMFI >50-80% HAMFI >80-100% HAMFI >100% HAMFI Total Households 3,865 4,100 5,490 2,945 9,750 Small Family Households 910 1,090 1,430 1,040 4,780 Large Family Households 70 115 235 300 655 Household contains at least one person 62-74 years of age 479 735 1,045 465 1,445 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 49 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 0-30% >30-50% >50-80% >80-100% >100% HAMFI HAMFI HAMFI HAMFI dh HAMFI Household contains at least one 520 910 945 374 720 person age 75 or older Households with one or more 553 500 725 465 854 children 6 years old or younger Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Housing Problems (Households with one of the listed needs) Renter Ailk Owner >30- >50- >80- 0- >30- >50- >80- 0-30% 50% 80% 100% Total 30% 50% 80% 100% Total AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI MI AMI AMI Substandard Housing - Lacking complete 15 145 0 4 4 10 15 0 15 40 plumbing or kitchen facilities Severely Overcrowded - With >1.51 people 20 0 ON 20 0 0 0 0 0 per room (and complete kitchen and plumbing) 49, Overcrowded - With 1.01-1.5 people per room 20 5 40 115 0 4 0 10 14 (and none of the above problems) Housing cost burden greater than 50% of 2,020 3 45 10 2,465 500 355 180 10 1,045 income (and none of the above problems) Housing cost burden greater than 30% of 515 1,320 730 4 2,569 80 555 545 230 1,410 income (and none of the above problems Zero/negative Income (and none 145 0 0 0 145 90 0 0 0 90 of the above problems) Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 50 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Housing Problems (Households with one or more Severe Housing Problems: Lacks kitchen or complete plumbing, severe overcrowding, severe cost burden) Renter Owner 0- >30- >50- >80- 0- >30- >50- >80- 30% 50% 80% 100% Total 30% 50% 80% 100% Total AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI Having 1 or more of 2,070 590 45 55 2,760 510 370 180 35 1,095 four housing problems Having none of four 870 2,015 3,005 1,230 7,120 180 1,120 2,265 13625 5,190 housing problems Household has negative income, but 145 0 0 0 145 90 0 0 0 90 none of the other housing problems Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Cost Burden Greater Than 30% Renter Owner 0-30% >30- >50- 50% 80% AMI Nall 0-30% AMI >30- 50% AMI >50- 80% AMI Total Small Related 710 550 130 1,390 85 260 285 630 Large Related 70 49 0 119 0 24 35 59 Elderly 360 515 310 1, VW 310 445 230 985 Other Ali 1,435 7 334 2,534 180 195 175 550 Total need by incon11111111111111111 2,575 jj79 11 774 5,228 575 924 725 2,224 1%6A 0?1 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS ost Burden Greater Than 50% ° AMI ° _ Renter Owner >30- 50% AMI >50- 80% AMI Total ° OAM I ° >30- 50% AMI >50- 80% AMI A Small Related 600 ® 25 0 625 75 100 65 240 Large Related 50 1 4 0 54 0 4 0 4 Elderly 235 260 40 535 260 130 100 490 Other 1,175 210 4 1,389 165 125 15 305 Total need by inco 2,060 499 44 2,603 500 359 180 1,039 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 51 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Crowding (More than one person per room) Renter Owner 0- >30- >50- >80- 0- >30- >50- >80- 30% 50% 80% 100% Total 30% 50% 80% 100% Total AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI AMI Single family households 40 55 0 40 135 10 4 0 10 24 Multiple, unrelated family households 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other, non -family households 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total need by income i 40 55 0 40 135 10 4 0 10 24 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS The largest housing problem in the City of Oshkosh is housing affordability. According to the 2011-2015 ACS, 42.6% of all renter households are cost burdened by 30% or more and 24.8% of owner households with a mortgage are cost burdened by 30% or more. Cost burdens are especially affecting the 0-30% AMI households. Additional housing problems that were recorded in consultations and citizen comments included handicap accessible housing, availability of senior housing, availability of group homes or communal living arrangement housing, housing density issues, and code compliance for housing. LoweZesed6w.Waawoblems. me ouseholds and renter households are more likely to be affected Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 52 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI H. Racial and Ethnic Housing Problems: Housing needs disaggregated by racial and ethnic cohorts were analyzed to determine if a racial or ethnic group disproportionately experienced a housing need as compared to the City's overall housing needs. A disproportionately greater need was identified when a racial or ethnic group experienced a 10 percentage points or higher occurrence rate of housing problems. A housing problem is defined as one of the four following housing problems: 1. housing lacks complete kitchen facilities; 2. housing lacks complete plumbing facilities; 3. housing has more than 1 person per room; and 4. housing cost burden is over 30%. The following tables comprised of 2011-2015 CHAS and ACS data identify the disproportionate housing needs in the City ohkosh. 0%-30% of Area Median&icome Household has Has one or more Has none of the no/negative Housing Problems of four housing four housing income, but none of the problems problems other housing problems Jurisdiction as a whole 3,170 460 235 White 2,915 415 165 Black / African American 111L 7jr 0 0 Asian JIV j 1121L 35 50 American Indian, Alaska Nativ 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 Hispanic 40 10 15 D W# 30%-50% of Area Median Income Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Household has Has one or more Has none of the no/negative Housing Problems of four housing four housing income, but none of the problems problems other housing problems Jurisdiction as a whole 2,840 1,260 0 White 2,580 1,200 0 Black / African American 70 35 0 Asian 80 0 0 American Indian, Alaska Native 0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 Hispanic 65 0 0 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 53 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 50%-80% of Area Median Income Household has Has one or more Has none of the no/negative Housing Problems of four housing four housing income, but none of the problems problems other housing problems Jurisdiction as a whole 1,500 3,995 0 White 1,375 3,820 0 Black / African American 15 45 0 Asian 59 49 0 American Indian, Alaska Native 15 10 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 Hispanic 29 50 0 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS 80%-100% of Area Median Income Household has Has one or more Has none of the no/negative Housing Problems of four housing four housing income, but none of the problems problems other housing problems Jurisdiction as a whole 325 2,620 0 White 325 2,460 0 Black / African American 0 39 0 Asian 0 34 0 American Indian, Alaska NativRE0 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 0 0 Hispanic 0 90 0 Source: 2011-2015 CHAS The racial/ethnic household composition of the City of Oshkosh according to the 2011-2015 ACS was 91.7% White, 3.5% Black/African American, 2.7% Asian, 0.5% American Indian Alaska Native, 0.0% Pacific Islander and 3.0% Hispanic. There were no (0) disproportionately impacted groups in terms of housing problems. A severe housing problem is defined as one of the four following housing problems: 1. housing lacks complete kitchen facilities; 2. housing lacks complete plumbing facilities; 3. housing has more than 1.5 persons per room; and 4. housing cost burden is over 50%. There were three (3) disproportionately impacted groups in terms of severe housing problems; the 0%-30% of Area Median Income Black/African American group that experienced 45.2% of the housing problems of the income group, the 80%-100% of Area Median Income Black/African American group that experienced 55.0% of the housing problems of the income group, and the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 54 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 80%-100% of Area Median Income Hispanic group that experienced 24.0% of the housing problems of the income group. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 55 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI I. Racial and Ethnic Housing Cost Burden: Housing needs disaggregated by racial and ethnic cohorts were analyzed to determine if a group disproportionately experienced a housing cost burden as compared to the City's overall housing cost burdens. A disproportionately greater need was identified when a racial or ethnic group experienced a 10 percentage points or higher occurrence rate of housing cost burdens. A housing cost burden is defined as household paying over 30% of household AMI on housing costs. The following table evaluating the 2011-2015 CHAS and ACS data address housing cost burdens in Winnebago County. Housing Cost Burden Housing Cost Burden <=30% 30-50% >50% No / negative income (not computed Jurisdiction as a whole 17,895 4,320 3,700 235 White 17,105 3,975 3,420 165 Black / African American 140 84 65 0 Asian 310 100 160 50 American Indian, Alaska Native 10 10,111111- 15 0 0 Pacific Islander 0 A e-10 0 0 Hispanic 100 30 15 ` Source: 2011-2015 CHAS The racial/ethni .. eho mposition of the City of Oshkosh according to the 2011-2015 was 91.7% White, 3.5% Black/African American, 2.7% Asian, 0.5% American Indian Alaska Native, 0.0% Pacific Islander and 3.0% Hispanic. None (0) of the racial/ethnic groups were disproportionately affected by housing cost burdens. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 56 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI J. Disabled Households: The following table includes the 2011-2015 ACS estimates for the number of disabled individuals in the City of Oshkosh. The total population of disabled persons in the City of Oshkosh is estimated to be 7,431 persons which represents 12.0 percent of the total population of the City. The two largest disability types are cognitive and ambulatory difficulties. Disabled Persons in the City of Oshkosh Disability Status of the Civilian Non -Institutional Population 2011-2015 ACS Total Civilian Population 62,149 Total Population with a disability 7,43 12.0% Population under 5 years 3,533 5.7% With a hearing difficulty 0 0.0% With a vision difficulty 31 0.9% NK Population 5 to 17 years 8,801 14.2% With a hearing difficulty 24 0.2% With a vision difficulty 31 0.4% With a cognitive difficulty - - With an ambulat ry difficulty - With a self -car - 'fficult ; - - Population 18 to 64 ye rs 41,729 67.1 % With a hearing difficullL569 1.4% With a vision difficult 488 1.2% With agggnitive diffi` ulty 2,128 5.1% With an ulatory difficulty 1,928 4.6% With a self -care difficulty 630 1.5% With an independent living difficulty 1,419 3 4% Population 65 years and over 8,086 13.0% With a hearing difficulty 1,331 16.5% With a vision difficulty 665 8.2% With a cognitive difficulty 697 8.6% With an ambulatory difficulty 1,926 23.8% With a self -care difficulty 654 8.1% With an independent living difficulty 1,183 14.6% SEX Male Population with a disability 3,266 5.2% Female Population with a disability 4,165 6.7% HISPANIC/LATINO ORIGIN White alone 7,239 11.6% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 57 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Black or African American alone 79 0.1 % American Indian and Alaska 0 0.0% Native alone Asian alone 27 0.04% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific 0 0.0% Islander alone Some other race alone 26 0.04% Two or more races 60 0.1 % White alone, not Hispanic or 7,165 11.5% Latino Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 95 0.1 % Source: 2011 — 2015 American Community Survey Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 58 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI III. Review/Update to Original Plan The City of Oshkosh's current Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice was dated accepted and approved in March 2013. City staff reviews the progress in addressing the goals of the Al twice a year during the preparation of the Annual Action Plan and the Consolidated Annual Performance Evaluation Reports (CAPER). The Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice identified the following impediments, as well as created goals and strategies to address each impediment. A. Summary of Impediments: Impediment 1: Administrative Impediments (Public and Private) Poor Understanding of Fair Housing Rights and Complaint Procedures The low numbers of complaints and the focus group discussions strongly reinforce the need for more robust education efforts. There are too many landlords that don't know fair housing law, very few residents that know it, and fear or ignorance of the complaint process among residents. This is having the greatest impact on residents with low incomes or poor credit who are sometimes choosing to live in substandard units because they feel they have no viable alternative. It is imperative that the City actively affirmatively further fair housing and this means making sure that City residents are informed of their fair housing rights and how to file a claim. Suggested Actions: • Offer varied outreach activities throughout the year to reach both landlords and residents. Collaborate with the Housing Coalition and Student Legal Services to co-sponsor and promote outreach events. • Revise the City website to make information about fair housing rights easier to find. Many people do not know that housing discrimination issues are referred to as "fair housing", nor is it intuitive to look for this information under "Planning Services". It is recommended that all housing -related topics currently listed under "Inspection Services" and "Planning Services" be consolidated in some way at a higher level in the directory structure, and "Fair Housing" be revised to "Fair Housing Rights" or similar. • Include more examples of illegal discrimination in outreach activities and materials, especially highlighting situations known to have occurred in Oshkosh. Based on complaints received and the Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 59 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI experience of housing -related professionals, examples should be sure to highlight the rights of disabled residents and families with children, and the rights and responsibilities of duplex (or multi -unit) owner -occupants with regard to who they are (and are not) allowed to turn away. Update: The City has contracted with the Milwaukee Fair Housing Council for several years and the City's Fair Housing Ordinance was revised to reflect the current structure for investigation and disposition of complaints through a third -party contractor (Fair Housing Council) as needed. The City of Oshkosh continues to administer a voluntary Residential Rental Registration and Inspection Program. The City-wide program is voluntary and provides for the registration and inspection of residential rental dwelling units in the City to ensure units provide safe, decent and sanitary living conditions for tenants to prevent further deterioration of those units. This program went into effect January 1, 2018. Inadequate Support for Non -English Speaking Residents Staff reported uncertainty regarding who to call for translation assistance. Focus group participants reported landlord uncertainty as well, and resistance to reaching out due to the assumption that they would need to pay for su as tance. Language barriers are a clear impediment to housing. esidents who do not speak English are typically immigrants fro they countries and are typically non -white, and are therefo,Vtecticlasses. Suggested Actions: • Identify reliable translation assistance services that can be utilized by City staff and by landlords, realtors, lenders, etc. (especially Spanish and Hmong) and establish funding for that assistance as necessary. • Enhance landlord and renter education materials and training to incorporate information about translation services, including cost, and continue to offer fair housing materials in Hmong and Spanish. Update: The City created a Rental Housing Advisory Board whose purpose is to advise staff on the creation of rental housing educational materials and residential rental training programs for landlords and tenants, to review Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 60 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI and make recommendations regarding City policy or changes to the Municipal Code pertaining to rental housing. Impediment 2: Regulatory Impediments (Public) Misleadina Fair Housina Ordinance The City's current Fair Housing ordinance includes an exemption for owner -occupied buildings with four or fewer units. This exemption matches Federal law but is inconsistent with State law, which has no such exemption. Both laws apply in Oshkosh and the exemption should be removed. Also, the City ordinance does not include all of the protected classes identified by state law. While the City has been accurately representing all of the state's protected classes in its fair housing literature, its own ordinance should be updated to match state law, to eliminate any confusion and as a ma r of good policy. Finally, the City's ordinance describes the establish and function Oshkosh Commission on Equal Opportunity in Housin ut i ractice there is no functioning commission. There is no require ave such a commission. Suggested Actions: • Amend Section 16-4 City -Municipal Code to incorporate all of the prote sse dentified by State Statute 106.5. The amendAlsh ad arital status; sexual orientation; lawful source o and status as a victim of domestic abuse, se ._ual abuse, or stalking; and should add definitions for these s. end Section 16-5 of the City Municipal Code to remove the mption for owner -occupied dwellings. • Amend Sections 16-3, 16-7 and 16-8 to eliminate the Commission on Equal Opportunity in Housing. Update: The City of Oshkosh has revised its Fair Housing Ordinance in 2016 to include transgender individuals as a protected class. The City has contracted with the Milwaukee Fair Housing Council for several years, and the City's Fair Housing Ordinance was revised to reflect the current structure for investigation and disposition of complaints through a third - party contractor (Milwaukee Fair Housing Council) as needed. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 61 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Impediment 3: Quality Impediments (Private) Poor Condition of Housina Stock There is broad concern about living conditions for those with limited financial means. Many apartments are substandard in some way and protected classes are more likely than others to rent such units and experience poorer living conditions. Suggested Actions: • Create a rental registry program that ensures proactive inspections of units for safety and code compliance. Incorporate fair housing information into the registration materials and process. • Enhance landlord and renter education materials and training to incorporate information about mold, including health risks, prevention, and clean-up res es. Update: The City created a Rent ing ory Board whose purpose is to advise staff on the creatio o h sing educational materials and residential rental training p s landlords and tenants, to review and make recommendations regarding City policy or changes to the Municipal Code pertaining to rental housing. The City continues to implement applicable HUD lead paint regulations in owner and renter -occupied housing rehabilitation projects. The City collaborates with the County Health Department to provide CDBG rehabilitation assistance to income qualified owner -occupied households with children who have elevated lead blood levels. The City's Housing Rehabilitation Specialist is trained to use the City's XRF lead testing machine. In every assisted project, the participants, whether homeowners, renters, landlords or contractors, are notified and advised of the hazards of lead based paint. All contractors used to perform lead hazard reduction work must be trained and certified by the State in a lead hazard reduction discipline and associated with a certified lead company. The City prefers to work with State Certified general contractors as part of the housing improvement programs, as most projects disturb lead based paint or control/abate lead paint hazards. However, the general contractor may subcontract the lead work to a certified lead subcontractor. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 62 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Impediment 4: Supply Impediments (Private) Inadequate Supply of Appropriate Housing for Residents with Disabilities The greatest number of recorded complaints over the past 5+ years are related to disability. Focus group participants reinforced this finding, reporting limited options for disabled residents, and especially low-income disabled residents because most of the accessible units are newer and more expensive than the older, inaccessible units. This is an impediment that disproportionately affects older residents due to the prevalence of disability among residents over age 65. Suggested Actions: • Continue to offer home improvement loans to income -qualified residents to assist with the cost of accessibility retrofits, and require or encourage that funded projects result in "visitability", which includes a no -step entry, one wheelchair accessible bathroom, and 32" doorways and on the main level. • Encourage the development of more units in the City that incorporate universal design principles. Create a pamphlet that describes universal design, the need for more units that accommodate residents with disabilities, and identifies design support resources. • Work with local developers and builders to offer training in universal design techniques and encourage their application in all new development, not just designated "accessible units". Update: The City collaborated with Habitat for Humanity and the Housing Authority to construct an ADA compliant twindominium for income eligible handicap homeowners. The City collaborated with ADVOCAP on the construction of a single- family ADA compliant house for income eligible homeowners through ADVOCAP's Youth Build program. Impediment 5: Transportation Impediments (Public) Lack of Adequate Transportation Options in Some Parts of the City Alternative transportation resources for residents who cannot drive are generally adequate, with some important exceptions. There are some key streets and neighborhoods that have neither sidewalks nor good bus Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 63 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI service. A noteworthy example is the multifamily apartments on Logan Drive, off of North Jackson Street. These units include handicap - accessible units at reasonable prices, but the lack of sidewalks or frequent bus service limits the options for some residents to adequately meet their daily needs. Suggested Actions: Work with GO Transit to review transit accessibility across the City, and especially in Census Tracts 16 and 17. Evaluate the feasibility of reducing headway on service to northern parts of the city to 30 minutes. Ensure the provision of complete streets, including safe bike and pedestrian pathways, whenever streets are built or reconstructed. Work with the adjoining town governments and Winnebago County to ensure adequate bike and pedestrian linkages where pockets of Town land remain within the ity's growth area, especially to establish connectivity from4Cnor side (tracts 16 and 17) to other parts of the City. Update: The City's Transportatic transportation service areas. annually reviews the public Impediment 6: Financial Impediments (Private) Lack of Loans to Minorities The HMDA data show that minorities, especially African Americans, are less likely to originate a conventional loan. If they secure a loan, it is more likely to be a non -conventional loan. The inability to secure a mortgage, refinance, or home improvement loan is clearly a barrier to housing choice. If this barrier is higher for members of a protected class, it is an impediment that the City should work to eliminate. Suggested Actions: Provide more credit and home -buying education to citizens, especially minority residents. Provide education and information for local lenders on predatory lending practices, to ensure that efforts to reduce the racial disparities in loan origination do not have the unintended Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 64 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Update: The City contracts with the Fair Housing Center of Northeast Wisconsin, a satellite office of the Metropolitan Milwaukee Fair Housing Council a private, non-profit organization, to provide comprehensive fair housing enforcement, outreach and education and technical assistance services to Oshkosh residents. During the 2018 program year, 2 housing complaints were investigated, provided referrals to 15 persons with non -fair housing issues, conducted a fair housing presentation to 18 rental property owners and managers. The Fair Housing Council also distributed fair housing education materials to six organizations as well as made community outreach contacts to the general public, civic organizations, social service agencies and governmental staff. In considering the factors affecting poverty that may be impacted by the existing housing programs of the City, it appears that coordination of production and preservation of affordable housing as well as the Public Service programs and services targeted to special needs populations benefit and help to reduce the numbers of families below the poverty level. While these activities may not increase the income of these persons, the activities aid in reducing their cost burden. The City will be reducing the housing cost burden on these households to some extent in completing rehabilitation projects on properties owned by households below the poverty level limits. The reduction in housing cost burden will result from actions that reduce energy costs and reduce the cost of repairs needed to keep the home in habitable condition. The City recognizes that while this in itself will not increase the level of income of these households, it will make more domestic funds available to cover other expenses. Additionally, the City requires owner -occupants applying for CDBG housing rehabilitation programs who have a large volume of debt to participate in free budget counseling as a condition of housing rehabilitation loan approval. This policy is based on the position that the rehabilitation loan is a partnership effort with the City and bringing the house into livable condition while attempting to ensure that the owner is in a financial position to keep up the home may reduce the possibility of the house falling into future disrepair. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 65 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI IV. Impediments to Fair Housing 2020 Impediments to fair housing choice are defined as: • Any actions, omissions, or decisions taken because of race, color, religion, sex, disability, familial status, or national origin that restrict housing choices or the availability of housing choice • Any actions, omissions, or decisions that have this effect. In order to determine if any impediments to fair housing choice exist, interviews and meetings were conducted, surveys were distributed, Census data was reviewed, and an analysis of the fair housing complaints in the City of Oshkosh was undertaken. A. Fair Housing Complaints: 1. Metropolitan Milwaukee Fair Ho ng Council air Housing Center of Northeast Wisconsin Metropolitan Milwaukee air ng Council (MMFHC) is Onp Fair Housing Center of organization providing nt nd Northeast Wisconsin counseling, education, outreach, 4321 West College Ave, suite 200 professional support, and fai nding and Appleton, WI 54914 inclusive communities program MMFHC 920-560-4620 has a satelite office in Appleton, WI, called www.fairhousinciwisconsin.com Fair Housing Center of Northeast Wisconsin (FHCNW). The City contracts with FHCNW for fair housing services. FHCNW provides intake and counseling services, investigative services for persons who allege housing discrimination, referrals to attorneys, and systemic investigations of institutional discrimination within its Enforcement Program. The FHCNW Outreach & Education Program provides fair housing training for interested parties, fair housing technical assistance for government agencies, development and distribution of fair housing educational materials, and presentations to the general public. The mission of FHCNW is to promote fair housing throughout the State of Wisconsin by combating illegal housing discrimination and by creating and maintaining racially and econmically integrated housing patterns. From January 1, 2014, through November 19, 2019, MMFHC conducted intake of a total of 53 complaints in Winnebago County, as outlined below. Twenty-three (23) of these complaints were sent to Oshkosh's Equal Opportunity in Housing Commission and were subsequently referred to MMFHC; these are included in the larger Winnebago County number. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 66 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 2014-2019 Complaints by Protected Class* Protected Class Oshkosh Winnebago County Age 2 5 Disability 11 29 Familial/Family Status 3 7 Lawful Source of Income 2 3 National Origin 1 4 Race 7 14 Sex - 1 Sexual Orientation - 1 Status as a Victim of Domestic Abuse, Sexual Assault, or Stalking - 1 *As complaints can be filed on the basis of multiple protected classes, the number of protected classes claimed is greater than the total mber of complaints filed. 2014-2019 Complaints by Prohibited Practice: Prohibited Practice Oshkosh Winnebago County Discriminatory advertising 1& 1 1 Engaging in harassment, coercion, or intimidation 6 13 Refusal to allow reasonable accommodation 5 13 Refusal to renew a lease or causing eviction 7 17 Refusal to rent/sell/finance/insure/construct 4 9 Two (2) of tV53mplaints remain open and ongoing assistance is being provided. these open complaints is located in Oshkosh. Of the 51 complaints that were closed, three (3) were closed as the result of successful resolutions outside of administrative or judicial processes, and an additional two (2) were closed as the result of a formal settlement through the HUD administrative enforcement process. These two (2) settled complaints and one (1) of the three successfully resolved cases were in the City of Oshkosh. All MMFHC/FHCNW complainants receive technical assistance as to their rights under the fair housing laws and information as to their potential options for pursuing a complaint. The remaining closed complaints were closed after such technical assistance was provided. On a case -by -case basis, MMFHC also provides investigative services in response to complaints. The remaining 46 complaints were generally closed because the complainant chose not to pursue the matter or after the complainant Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 67 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI was referred to an appropriate community resource or agency to pursue the matter further. 2. Legal Action of Wisconsin Legal Action of Wisconsin is a non-profit law firm that has been serving low-income Legal Action of Wisconsin individuals within the State of Wisconsin 404 North Main Street since 1968. The Oshkosh office is currently Oshkosh, WI working on a special project regarding 920-233-6521 homeowners being threatened with loss of www.legalaction.ong housing. The staff will provide foreclosure defense, and a small part of the work is focused on eviction, repair issues for tenants, and social security disability. Legal Action of Wisconsin's goal is r t clients from becoming homeless. Legal Action typically takes cases cerning housing, public benefits, family law, health insura , Social Security, license revocations and suspensions, and inaccurat rimiriW, background records and arrest records. Criminal background re d st records remain important because Wisconsin had o of ost open record systems in the country; a person with a past criminal record may find it harder to obtain housing in OsYW Because Legansin serves low income individuals, it does not charge feices to income -eligible persons. Legal Action of Wisconsin draws the majority of its funding from the Legal Service Corporation, an independent nonprofit established by Congress in 1974. 3. Fair Housing Assistance Program (FHAP) Agencies The Fair Housing Assistance Program offers grants to state and local agencies that have sufficiently demonstrated to HUD that they support or enforce a fair housing law that is substantially equivalent to the Fair Housing Act. FHAP agencies carryout fair housing activities such as enforcement and education in order to protect families and individuals who believe that they have been the victims of housing discrimination. However, there are no FHAP agencies or Substantially Equivalent Agencies within Wisconsin. The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) refers the aforementioned Metropolitan Milwaukee Fair Housing Council/Fair Housing Center of Northeast Wisconsin as resources. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 68 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 4. Fair Housing & Equal Opportunity (FHEO-HUD) The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD's) Office of Fair Housing & Equal Opportunity (FHEO) receives complaints regarding alleged violations of the Fair Housing Act. According to the HUD EQUAL HOUSING FHEO complaint tracking system, the following complaints OPPORTUNITY were filed from January 1, 2014 until October 24, 2019: HUD REPORTED FAIR HOUSING COMPLAINTS 2014 - 2019 City of Oshkosh - January 1, 2014 - October 24, 2019 Violation Violation State Filing Closure Closure Reason Basis Issues City and County Date Date Wisconsin - Disability Discrimination in Oshkosh Winnebago 05/29/14 11/21/14 Administrative Closure , Familial terms/conditions/privileges relating Status to rental Discriminatory refusal to rent; Wisconsin - Discrimination in Oshkosh Winnebago 07/22/14 02/08/16 No aII' Disability terms/conditions/privileges relating to rental; Otherwise deny or make housing unavailable Discrimination in Oshkosh Wisconsin - 10/14/15 01/10/16 Conciliation/ Disability terms/conditions/privileges relating Winnebago Settlement to rental; Failure to make reasonable accommodation Discrimination in Oshkosh Wisconsin - 10/14/15 01/10/16 Conciliation/ Disability terms/conditions/privileges relating Winnebago Settlement to rental; Failure to make reasonable accommodation Oshkosh Wisconsin - 04/25/17 07/13/17 Withdrawn after Disability Discriminatory refusal to rent and Winnebago Resolution negotiate for rental Discriminatory refusal to rent and negotiate for rental; Discrimination Oshkosh Wisconsin - 09/28/17 03/05/19 Administrative Closure Disability in terms/conditions/privileges Winnebago relating to rental; Steering; Failure to make reasonable accommodation The fair housing complaints over the past five years covered disability and familial status. The majority of reported issues were on the basis of disability; in particular, "discriminatory refusal to rent." National Trends The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) funds the Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity (FHEO), whose mission is to eliminate discrimination, promote economic opportunity, and achieve diversity. FHEO leads the nation in the enforcement, administration, development, and public understanding of Federal fair housing policies and laws. FHEO enforces laws that protect people from discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, and familial status. FHEO releases annual reports to Congress, which provide information regarding complaints received during the particular year. The Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 69 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI following table highlights the frequency of such housing complaints for the years of 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 (most recent year available) organized by basis of complaint. HUD and FHAP Housing Complaints Nationwide FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 FY 2017 Basis Number of Complaints % of Total Number of Complaints % of Total Number of Complaints % of Total Number of Complaints % of Total Disability 4,621 41% 4,605 42% 4,908 45% 4,865 59% Race 2,383 21 % 2,291 21 % 2,154 20% 2,132 26% Familial Status 1,051 9% 1,031 9% 882 8% 871 11 % National Origin 1,067 9% 898 8% 917 8% 834 10% Sex 879 8% 915 8% 800 7% 826 10% Religion 223 2% 225 2% 204 2% 800 10% Color 146 1 % 151 1% 143 1 % 232 3% Retaliation 867 8% 832 8% 785 7% 192 2% Number of Complaints filed 11,237 411111111 il� 1 10,793 M 8,186 Source: HUD FY 2014-2017 Annual Reports on Fair Housing Note: Complaints o Ilege more t one (1) basis of discrimination, and each base is counted as a complaint. The majon of e HUD complaints filed nationwide in 2017 were on the basis of disability, making up 59% of all complaints received. Race was next, making up 26% of all complaints, followed by familial status at 11 %. The housing complaints filed in the City of Oshkosh were primarily based on disability, which is consistently the most common causes for complaints across the nation. Note, the percentages for each year do not equal 100% and the number of complaints each year do not equal the total complaints across all areas. This is because there is often more than one basis for the filing of a fair housing complaint. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 70 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 5. Local Human Rights Commissions The City of Oshkosh does not have a Human Rights Commission, but does have a newly formed Diversity Committee and an Equal Opportunity in Housing Commission. The Equal Opportunity in Housing Commission receives all complaints alleging any discriminatory practice prohibited by the Fair Housing Ordinance within the Oshkosh Municipal Code. The Commission convenes only when there are complaints, and seeks settlements that are agreeable to both complainant and respondent. The City has ordinances concerning discrimination and housing under Chapter 16 - Housing Section 16-4. The City of Oshkosh recognizes the following protected classes, "age, color, disability, domestic abuse, sexual assault and stalking victims, family status, gender identity and/or gender expression, lawful source of income, marital status, national origin, ancestry, race, religion, sex, sexual orientation, and ancestry." Section 16- 6.1 outlines enforcement of the requirements, including the use of a third parties for some or all of the responsibilities necessary to take meaningful actions to affirmatively further fair housing. 6. Housing and Human Se Pan'Within e s The City of Oshkosh inta ties offering housing and human services within the City, the Winnebago County in order to obtain their input and gain insight into potential impediments to fair housing. The following agencies participated in the information gathering throu^Agingand cussions, individual meetings, or through surveys: • • sability Resource Center • Boys and Girls Club • Christine Anne Domestic Abuse Services • Committee on Aging • Day by Day Warming Shelter • Equal Opportunity in Housing Commission • Fair Housing Council of Northeast Wisconsin • Forward Service Corporation Oshkosh Area School District • Oshkosh Food Coop • Oshkosh Habitat for Humanity Oshkosh Healthy Neighborhoods Oshkosh/Winnebago County Housing Authority • Salvation Army Trinity Lutheran Church & School • Winnebago Apartment Association Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 71 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Winnebago County Health Department • Winnebago County Human Services • Winnebagoland Housing Coalition • World Relief Each of these agencies provided feedback on their and their clients' experiences concerning housing -related issues in the City of Oshkosh. Below is a list of key points from each of the meetings. • Need for affordable housing • Need for supportive services • Need for employment opportunities • Need for public transportation Many agencies also provided suggestions of how to address the identified areas of inequality or discrimin in he City. Commonly suggested strategies to further fair housing i e are included below: • Provide more affordable hous • Provide financial assis�tanc _ housing more affordable • Provide education and%Feach on fair housing B. Public Sector: The Analysis of Impediments examines public policies of the jurisdiction and the impact of those policies on fair housing choice. The City government controls land use and development through its comprehensive plan, zoning regulations, subdivision regulations, and other laws and ordinances passed by the Common Council. These regulations and ordinances govern the types of housing that may be constructed, the density of housing, and the various residential uses in a community. Local officials and policies determine the community's commitment to housing goals and objectives; therefore, determining if fair housing is to be promoted or passively tolerated. This section of the Analysis of Impediments evaluates the City's policies to determine if there is a commitment to affirmatively further fair housing. 1. CDBG Program The City of Oshkosh receives Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds from HUD under the CDBG program. The City will receive Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 72 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI approximately $841,094 in CDBG funds for FY 2020. The City anticipates that CDBG funding levels will remain in flux for the foreseeable future. The City annually allocates its CDBG funds to a number of eligible projects such as: public facility/infrastructure improvements, public services, the removal of slum and blight, and housing activities. For FY 2020, the City has proposed to allocate its estimated CDBG funds to the projects listed in the table below. FY 2020 Estimated CDBG Allocation for the City of Oshkosh COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT BLOCK GRANT (CDBG)PROGRAM Central City Redevelopment $ 150,000.00 Housing Rehabilitation $ 205,094.00 Code Violation $ 50,000.00 Rental Rehabilitation $ 200,000.00 Public Services $ 118,000.00 Neighborhood Initiatives $ 25,000.00 Program Administration $ 74,000.00 Fair Housing $ 19,000.00 The majority of the activiti ted bove are undertaken in low/mod income areas of City, as t is a high priority for the City. Additionally, each activity is t atio Objectives of serving a low/mod area, low/mod peopl r reducing slum/blight. Many activities in each funding category specifically work to increase the supply of quality affordable housing units, as well as promote fair housing choice in the City. The City of Oshkosh's FY 2020-2024 Five Year Consolidated Plan identified the following six (6) strategies to address the priority needs in the City: Housing Strategy — Priority Need: There is a need for decent, safe and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible to homebuyers, homeowners and renters. Goals: HS-1 Housing Support — Assist low- and moderate -income households to access decent, safe and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible for rent or for sale through housing counseling, down payment/closing cost assistance. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 73 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • HS-2 Housing Construction — Encourage the construction of new affordable renter and owner occupied housing units. • HS-3 Housing Rehabilitation — Conserve and rehabilitate existing affordable housing units occupied by owners and renters by addressing code violations, emergency repairs and handicap accessibility. Homeless Strategv — Priority Need: There is a need for housing, services, and facilities for homeless persons and persons at -risk of becoming homeless. Goals: • HO-1 Housing — Support the Continuum of Care's efforts to provide emergency shelter, transitionalj� using, rapid rehousing, utility support, permanent suppokapersons using, and other permanent housing opportunities. • HO-2 Operation/Support social service programs and facilities for the homele or families at -risk of becoming homeless. Other Saecial Needs Stra v Priority Need: TI27 a nl% for housing, services, and facilities for persons with special n s. Goals: • SN-1 Housing — Support an increase in the supply of decent, safe and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible for the elderly, persons with disabilities, persons with HIV/AIDS, victims of domestic violence, persons with alcohol/drug dependency, and persons with other special needs through rehabilitation and new construction of housing units. • SN-2 Social Services — Support social service programs and facilities for the elderly, persons with disabilities, persons with HIV/AIDS, victims of domestic violence, persons with alcohol/drug dependency, and persons with other special needs. Community Development Strategv — Priority Need: There is a need to improve the community facilities, infrastructure, public services, and quality of life in the City. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 74 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Goals: • CD-1 Community Facilities and Infrastructure — Improve the City's public facilities and infrastructure through rehabilitation, reconstruction, and new construction. • CD-2 Public Safety — Support the City's public safety organizations. • CD-3 Public Services — Improve and enhance the public and community development services in the City. • CD-4 Accessibility — Improve public and common use areas to be readily accessible and usable by persons with disabilities. • CD-5 Clearance/Demolition — Remove and eliminate slum and blighting conditions in the City. Economic Development Strategy — Priority Need: There is a need to encourage employment and to promote economic opportunities in the City. Goals: • ED-1 Employment — Support and promote job creation, job retention, and skills training programs. • ED-2 Redevelopmefft4tPlariN, and promote the development, redevelopment, an re on of vacant commercial and industrial areas. • ED-3 Financial Assista e — Promote new economic development through local, state, and federal tax incentives and programs. • ED-4 Access to Transportation — Support the expansion of multimodal transportation services to assist the needs of the City. Administration, Planning, and Management Strategy — Priority Need: There is a need for planning, administration, management, and oversight of federal, state, and local funded programs. Goals: • AM-1 Overall Coordination — Provide program management and oversight for the successful administration of federal, state, and local funded programs, including planning services for special studies, environmental clearance, fair housing activities, and compliance with all federal, state, and local laws and regulations. 2. HOME Program The City of Oshkosh is not a HOME entitlement city. The City may apply for HOME funds on a competitive basis through State of Wisconsin, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 75 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI C3 4. 5. Division of Housing. The City has not applied for HOME funds for FY 2020, and has no current plans to apply for HOME funds during the next five (5) years. Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) Funds The Winnebagoland Housing Coalition, the local Continuum of Care agency, applies each year on a competitive basis to the Wisconsin Department of Administration (DOA) for Emergency Solutions Grant (ESG) Funds to assist local agencies that participate in the Continuum of Care. Members of the Winnebagoland Housing Coalition must vote each year on which agency should act as lead agency or fiscal agent for the funds. The ESG funds received by the CoC are then awarded to homeless service provider agencies that serve the CoC area. For the FY 2019 grant year, the sub -recipient in Oshkosh ' he Day by Day Warming Shelter, which received $12,500 for s er services. ADVOCAP received $$92,829 for Rapid Rehousing t an ecurity deposits, and $5,700 in prevention funds; these amounts shared among homeless service provider agencies within th�oC's th -county operating jurisdiction. • Day by Day Warmin hre 2�,500 • Rapid Rehousing, renty deposits - $92,829 • Homeles�reveloion p$5,700 The CoC expec� u levels to at least remain level or increase somewhat in c g fiscal year. Housing Opport ity for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) Funds The City of Osh h does not receive HOPWA funds. Other Funds Other resources available to help Oshkosh address its housing and community development needs include funds from the Wisconsin Department of Administration, such as low interest mortgage finance (HOME funds), housing rehabilitation money, Housing Cost Reduction Initiative (HCRI) Program funds, lead -based paint reduction funds (Abatement Grant), first-time homebuyer settlement expenses, rental allowance funds (Rental Housing Development), and neighborhood stabilization program (NSP) funds. Oshkosh has successfully obtained funding from Oshkosh Area Community Foundation, Winnebago County, Wisconsin Public Service, Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 76 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI and other state and local entities. To help with crime reduction and revitalization activities the City has received funds through the Department of Justice. The following list outlines the state and federal grant funds that the City of Oshkosh expects to use in FY 2020 to address its community development and crime prevention/reduction needs: Parks Department FY20 - Winnebago County - Supplements programs and services FY20 - Kuettner Family Grant - Programs for older adults FY20 - Ladies Benevolent Society - Eat and Greet meals FY20 - Friends of Oshkosh Seniors Center - Program and Operational Funding for Oshkosh Seniors Center FY20 - Private donations directed to the Oshkosh Senior Center - Funding for Oshkosh Seniors Center FY20 - Oshkosh Area Community Foundation - Forestry Department FY20 - State of Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources - Urban Forestry Grant FY20 -Oshkosh Area Community F dation -Pollock Community Water Park Maintenance Endow FY20 - Oshkosh Area F dation - Leach Amphitheater Maintenance Endowment FY20 -Oshkosh Recreation'Q*rtme -Pollock Community Water Park Support FY20 - Stanhilber Fund - Park beautification FY20 - Harenberg Fund - Menominee Park Zoo enhancements FY20 - "nnebago Community Credit Union - Pollock Community Water Park FY20 erve Credit Union - Leach Amphitheater Tuesday Night Concerts FY20 - Oshkosh Area Community Foundation - Pollock Community Water Park Low Income Season Pass/Community Program Passes FY20 - Wisconsin Public Service - Leach Amphitheater Tuesday Night Concern Family Activity FY20 - Oshkosh Area Community Foundation - Youth Grant for Snooze at the Zoo FY20 - Oshkosh Corporation - Touch a Truck Event FY20 - Cellcom - Winter Events FY20 - Cliff Bar - Zoo Education Programs Police Department FY20 - Department of Justice: Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant - Portable Radio battery replacements FY20 - Department of Justice: Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 77 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 6. Public Housing, HUD Assisted Housing, and Low Income Housing Tax Credits The City of Oshkosh has a variety of affordable housing options, including public housing managed by the Oshkosh/Winnebago County Housing Authority. There are also several privately managed HUD -assisted developments throughout the City. These affordable housing developments and Section 8 Vouchers are located across the City in areas of varying income, demographics, and housing tenure. Housing Choice Voucher usage, Public Housing developments, and Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) developments are distributed throughout the City. Illustrated in the map below, there are no distinct patterns of concentration of HUD assisted housing units. The City, as well as the Housing Authority, is aware of the concerns of concentrating low- income housing units within closgkroximity of each other. Both entities encourage new affordable hou developments outside of areas of existing HUD assisted housing bu Iso providing financial investments into the existing HUD assisted a�rd housing units. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 78 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Concentration of HUD Assisted Housing Source: HUD CPD Maps Housin_g Authority The Oshkosh/Winnebago County Housing Authority (OHAWCHA) is the Public Housing Authority serving the City of Oshkosh and Winnebago County. OHAWCHA owns and manages 571 units of public housing, of which 457 units are in the City of Oshkosh. Additionally, the OHAWCHA administers 425 Housing Choice Vouchers, all of which are currently under contract. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 79 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The Housing Authority administers the following programs: • Family Self -Sufficiency Program • Family Housing Resources • Winnebago Homebuyer Program - Downpayment Assistance • Winnebago Homebuyer Program - Home Rehab Financing • Winnebago Homebuyer Program - Accessible Homes • Capital Fund Program • Housing Choice Vouchers Program The Housing Authority owns and manages the following Public Housing Units: • Scattered Sites - 156 units general occupancy • Court Tower - 104 units, 100 Court Street, Oshkosh, WI 54901 • Raulf Place - 104 units, 530 N Main Street, Oshkosh, WI 54901 • Marian Manor - 121 units for elderly and disabled residents, 600 Merritt Avenue, Oshkosh, WI 54901 • Fox View Apartments - 31 units for elderly residents, 330 West Main Street, Omro, WI 54963 • Riverside Commons - 30 units, 101 North Second Street, Winneconne, WI 54986 • Cumberland Court Apartments - 72 units, 1030 Cumberland Trail, Oshkosh, WI 54904 • Waite Rug Apartments - 56 units for elderly, disabled, or veteran residents 300 East Custer, Avenue, Oshkosh, WI 54901 • Willow artments - 13 units, 210 S 5t" Street, Winneconne, WI 54986 Acco g to t Ho ng Authority of the City of Oshkosh and the Housi uthorit f Winnebago County's Five -Year Plans covering 2020- 2024, th issio f both Housing Authorities is to promote adequate and affordable housing, economic opportunity and a suitable environment free from discrimination for all. According to the Housing Authority's waiting lists as of January 2020, there are approximately 375 (22%) individuals with a disability on the public housing waiting list and approximately 157 (22%) individuals with a disability on the housing choice voucher waiting list. As of January 2020, there were 1,706 individuals on the Oshkosh. Winnebago County Housing Authority's Public Housing Waiting List. Of those families on the waiting list: 1,470 (86%) were extremely low-income; 209 (12%) were very low-income; and 27 (2%) were low-income. The largest demand for affordable housing on the waiting list is for affordable housing for extremely low-income households. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 80 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI As of January 2020, there were 1,020 families on the Oshkosh/Winnebago County Housing Authority's Housing Choice Voucher Waiting List. Of those families on the waiting list: 862 (85%) were extremely low-income; 145 (14%) were very low-income; and 13 (1 %) were low-income. The largest demand for affordable housing on the waiting list is for affordable housing for extremely low-income households. The most immediate needs of the families on the waiting list include: decent, safe, sanitary and affordable housing; supportive services such as employment training; access to transportation for commuting to work, shopping, and medical services; and living wage job opportunities. Homeless Facilities The following is a list of CoC member supported facilities: Day by Day Warming Shelter Day by Day Warming Shelter is open from October 15 through April 15 every year. The shelter has twenty-five beds (25), and offers services during its open season, as well as during its off season in limited engagements such as offering laundry throughout the summer, as well as hygiene and cleaning supplies. Shelter staff would like to expand its operations. The shelter receives CDBG funds annually; the most recent year Day by Day r $9,000. Father Carr Father Carr' Pla offers food, shelter, and a free clinic with licensed doctors an s. Father Carr's operates a men's shelter with thirty-four (34) beds, and omen and family shelter with 105 beds. According to ADVOCAP, a me ber of the Winnebagoland CoC, it is important to note that while Father Carr's shelters show a significant number of beds available, the occupancy rate is only between 25%-40%. Father Carr's policies regarding acceptable behavior limits the number of occupants eligible for their services. Christine Ann Domestic Violence Shelter Christine Ann has thirty-seven (37) beds, and also offers counseling services to individuals or families that are not staying within the shelter. ADVOCAP ADVOCAP, currently the CoC's fiscal agent, operates two (2) transitional housing projects within Winnebago County, as well as supportive housing projects and rapid re -housing projects, some of which are in Oshkosh. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 81 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Housing The following is a list of Low Income Housing Tax Credit housing in the City of Oshkosh, WI. LIHTC PROJECTS IN OSHKOSH Project Project Total Total Low - HUD ID Number Project Name Project Address Project City State ZIP Code Number of Income Units Units HOME 619 W Ninth WIA19880070 OPPORTUNITIES Ave Oshkosh WI 54902 2 2 INC WIA19900030 618 E PKWY AVE 618Avekwy Oshkosh WI 54901 1 1 WIA19900035 ADVOCAP 219 Oxford Ave Oshkosh WI 54901 1 1 PROJECT #4 WIA19940195 SUMMERFIELD 3329 Logan Dr Oshkosh 54901 120 120 PLACE APTS WIA19940075 JACKSON FARM 3409 Logan Dr Oshkosh 54901 60 60 APTS WIA19970065 DIVISION STREET 545 Division St Oshkosh WI 54901 23 11 APTS WIA19990075 IRVING PLACE 645 Division St Oshkosh WI 54901 24 16 APTS WIA20020100 LAKEFRONT 651 Oak St Oshkos WI 54901 66 58 MANOR WIA20070165 MARIAN MANOR 600 OSHKOSH WI 54901 121 3 AVERITT THE RIVERS 475 MARION WIA20110065 SENIOR LIVING RD OSHKOSH WI 54901 60 9 WIA20120055 FAIR ACRES VW35 N,&AIN OSHKOSH WI 54901 55 12 TOWNHOMES WIA20160015 THE RIVERS 4 RION OSHKOSH WI 54901 40 17 PHASE II CUMBERLAND 1000-1014 WIA20161006 REDEVELOPMENT, CUMBERLAND OSHKOSH WI 54904 32 2 PHASE 1, LLC TRAIL TOWER COURT WIA20123039 REDEVELOPMENT' ;100 OSHKOSH WI 54901 51 2 LLC STREET TOWER 100 COURT WIA20130021 REDEVELOPMENT STREET OSHKOSH WI 54901 53 5 PHASE 2 LLC WIA20160005 JACKSON SQUARE 2490 OSHKOSH WI 54901 54 17 JACKSON ST Source: https://Iihtc.huduser.gov/ There are sixteen (16) LIHTC projects with 763 units of affordable rental housing in the City. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 82 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Multifamily Housin_g The following is a list of HUD Multifamily housing in the City of Oshkosh: TOTAL TOTAL HUD ID PROPERTY NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP ASSISTED UNITS ASSISTANC UNITS 800022904 CAMELOT COURT 515/517 CAMELOT Oshkosh WI 54901 40 40 Subsidized, No HUD CT Financing CUMBERLAND COURT 1030 Subsidized - 800022957 APTS CUM Oshkosh WI 54904 72 72 Previously Insured TRLLAND 800023031 GILEAD APARTMENTS 200 JOSSLYN ST Oshkosh WI 54901 15 16 Subsidized - Previously 202/811 800023158 MARIAN MANOR 600 MERRITT AVE Oshkosh WI 5 1 121 121 Subsidized, No HUD . Financing 800023303 CLARITY CARE 930 MALLARD AVE Oshkosh WI 54901 16 16 Subsidized - Previously 202/811 800023354 SIMEANNA APARTMENTS 155 N EAGLE ST Oshkosh I 54901 64 81 Subsidized - Previously Insured 800023355 SIMEANNA III 151 N EAGLE ST Oshk WI 54901 77 78 Insured -Subsidized 800023356 SIMEANNA SOUTH 145 N EAGLE ST Oshko 54901 60 61 Insured -Subsidized 800023505 WILLO APARTMENTS 202 E TAVE ENNESSEE Oshkosh 54901 12 12 Insured -Subsidized 800023512 WINNEBAGO COUNTY 1721 MARICOPA Oshk W 54904 105 105 Subsidized, No HUD HOUSING DR Financing 800069932 GILEAD II 622 West 5th Street Oshkosh WI 54902 8 9 202/811 800112372 GILEAD III, APARTMENTS 401 Ohio Street Oshkosh WI 54902 6 6 202/811 800212989 JOMAR OF ZION 521 W. 16th Street Oshkosh WI 54901 15 16 202/811 800219157 CIMARRON COURT 10 1 -180 Cimarron Oshkosh WI 54902 0 96 Insured-Unsubsidized APARTMENTS Co LAKEFRONT MANOR AND 651 & 68i1.,k SOD233509 VILLAS , Street ` Oshkosh WI 54901 0 66 Insured Unsubsidized 800236553 Oakwood Mano 2675 Omro Road Oshkosh WI 54904 0 20 Insured-Unsubsidized 800239843 Centennial Inn Assisted 1628 North Main Oshkosh WI 54901 0 18 Insured-Unsubsidized Living Street Source: https://www.hud.gov/program off ices/housing/mfh/presrv/mfhpreservation There are ten (17) active HUD Multifamily Housing projects with 611 units of affordable rental housing in the City. Housing Choice Voucher usage, Public Housing developments, and Low Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) developments are distributed throughout the City. Illustrated in the maps below, there are no distinct patterns of concentration of HUD assisted housing units. The City, as well as the Housing Authority, is aware of the concerns of concentrating low- income housing units within close proximity of each other. Both entities encourage new affordable housing developments outside of areas of Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 83 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI existing HUD assisted housing but are also providing financial investments into the existing HUD assisted affordable housing units. Location of Assisted Housing Source: HUD CPD Maps Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 84 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Voucher Concentration Source: HUD CPD Maps 7. Planning, Zoning, and Building Codes Zoning Ordinances can be overtly discriminatory by limiting development or occupancy of housing based on a resident's race, sex, religion, national origin, color, disability, or familial status. Additionally, discrimination, albeit unintentional, can occur when a facially neutral ordinance has a disparate impact on a protected class. An example of this has been litigated over limitations in the definition of a family as 4 or fewer unrelated adults. A ceiling of four or fewer unrelated individuals in a household may be considered discriminatory if it can be proven that this limitation disproportionately affects minorities, large families with children, or individuals with disabilities. The Fair Housing Act also makes it unlawful to refuse to make reasonable accommodations, or changes to rules, policies Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 85 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI practices, or services, when such accommodations are necessary to allow a person with a disability an equal opportunity to use or enjoy a dwelling. Under the Fair Housing Act, an accommodation is considered reasonable if it does not impose an undue financial or administrative burden and it does not fundamentally alter the zoning ordinance. City of Oshkosh The City's Comprehensive Plan appears to be in compliance with the federal regulations governing fair housing. There was previously a need to update the City's Zoning Ordinance to bring it into compliance with the City's 2005 Comprehensive Plan. The City of Oshkosh, Wisconsin has codified its ordinances. The City last amended its zoning code in 2016, which became effective on January 1, 2017. The Zoning Ordinance is listed as Chapter 30 Zoning Ordinance, under the City's Municipal Code. It can be found in its entirety online under the Planning Services page. In reviewing the City's Zoning Ordi , e, it is recommended that there is a need to add informati finitio and provisions concerning Fair Housing. It is recommende e C include language in the Zoning Ordinance stating the City' om ent affirmatively further fair housing through its land use reg do Iic policies, such as zoning, to promote fair housing c'e I residents in the City of Oshkosh. The statement should inc en of the Fair Housing Act of 1968, the Americans with Disabilities ' t 1990, as well as identification of the Federal protect\cclassesThe Cg Ordinance does not appear to contain any specific discriminatory language; however, the definitions under "Chapter 30 - Article I — Introduction and Definitions" should be reviewed and consideration should be given to including additional definitions. The City should consider including the following definitions: "Fair Housing Act", "Americans with Disabilities Act", "Handicap", and "Reasonable Accommodation." The Zoning Ordinance defines "Family" as: A person living as an individual or any of the following groups living together as a single nonprofit housekeeping unit and sharing common living, sleeping, cooking and eating facilities: Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 86 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 1 E 3 4 5 0 7 Any number of people related by blood, marriage, domestic partnership, legal adoption, guardianship or other duly -authorized custodial relationship; Two (2) unrelated adult individuals and the minor children of each. For the purpose of this Section, "children' means natural children, grandchildren, legally adopted children, stepchildren, foster children, or a ward as determined in a legal guardianship proceeding; Three (3) unrelated adult individuals; Up to four (4) unrelated persons who have disabilities/are disabled or handicapped under the Fair Housing Amendment Act (FHAA) or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), are living in a single household because of their disability, and require assistance from a caregiver. Up to two (2) personal attendants who provide services for family members or roomers who are disabled or handicapped under the Fair Housing Amendment Act (FHAA)or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and need assistance with the activities of daily living shall be considered part of a family. Such services may I, meal preparation, laundry or uals living together in a single equivalent of a family, whether ►d, marriage or other legal nal family." loes not include: /sorority, association, lodge, i, or similar organization; and ;e association is temporary or Definitions that have a limit of four or fewer unrelated adults may be considered discriminatory as the limitation may have an adverse impact on minorities or people with disabilities. The Federal Courts have ruled that four to six persons with a disability living together in a single-family residence, should be considered a "family" and thereby be permitted to live together as a family in any zoning district that permits residential uses. The City should consider adopting a written reasonable accommodation policy that allows for changes in rules and procedures to afford persons with disabilities equal opportunity to housing, as required by the Fair Housing Act. A reasonable accommodation policy would allow the City flexibility in the application of zoning and land use, as well as providing housing developers guidance in requesting reasonable accommodations. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 87 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI City of Oshkosh Building Codes The City of Oshkosh uses the following building codes: • International Building Code 2015 Edition • State of Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code • International Mechanical Code, 2015 Edition • International Energy Conservation Code 2015 Edition • State of Wisconsin Electrical Code • State of Wisconsin Plumbing Code • International Fuel Gas Code 2015 Edition • ADA Standards for Accessible Design 2009 ICC/ANSI A117.1 • State of Wisconsin, Division of Safet nd Professional Services Administrative Codes (DSPS) • Wisconsin Enrolled Building Cod • National Fire Protection Association (N incorporated standards • International Fire Code 2015 Edition - in place of DSPS Chapter 314, Subchapter I, Section 314.001(2). The International Building Code (new construction) and the International Existing Building Code (renovation/rehabilitation) are model codes and are in compliance with the federal laws and regulations governing fair housing and accessibility. Building inspections are administered by the Inspection Division. The Building Codes are enforced through plan review and inspections. Interviews with the Inspection Division staff indicated that developers and contractors are abiding by the State and Federal accessibility regulations and there does not appear to be any blatant violations. Accessibility Regulations HUD encourages its grantees to incorporate "visitability" principles into their designs. Housing that is "visitable" includes the most basic level of accessibility that enables persons with disabilities to visit the home of a friend, family member, or neighbor. "Visitable" homes have at least one accessible means of egress/ingress for each unit, and all interior and bathroom doorways have at least a 32-inch clear opening. As a minimum, HUD grantees are required to abide by all Federal laws governing accessibility for disabled persons. The City of Oshkosh appears to be in full compliance with the HUD visitability standards. Federal laws governing accessibility requirements include Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and the Fair Housing Act. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 88 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act (24 CFR Part 8), known as "Section 504" prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in any program receiving Federal funds. Specifically, Section 504 concerns the design and construction of housing to ensure that a portion of all housing developed with Federal funds is accessible to those with mobility, visual, and hearing impairments. The Americans with Disabilities Act (42 U.S.C. 12131; 47 U.S.C. 155, 201, 218, and 225) (ADA) prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in all programs and activities sponsored by state and local governments. Specifically, ADA gives HUD jurisdiction over housing discrimination against persons with disabilities. The Fair Housing Act prohibits discrimination in the sale or rental of housing. It also requires that landlords must make reasonable modifications dwellings and common use areas to accommodate persons who have a disability. For all new residential buildings of four or more units built after March 13, 1991: public and common areas must be accessible to persons with disabilities; doors and hallways must be wide enough for wheelchairs; all housing units must have accessible routes into and through the unit; there must be accessible light switches, outlets, thermostats; bathroom walls must be reinforced to allow for the installation of grab bars; and kitchens and baths must be accessible so they can be used by persons in wheelchairs. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 89 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Persons Section 601 of Title VI the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the federal law that protects individuals from discrimination on the basis of their race, color, or national origin in programs or activities that receive federal financial assistance. One type of national origin discrimination is discrimination based on a person's inability to speak, read, write, or understand English. In certain situations, failure to ensure that persons who are LEP can effectively participate in, or benefit from, federally assisted programs may violate the Civil Rights Act. According to the 2011-2015 American Community Survey for the City of Oshkosh, 5.0% of residents speak a language other than English at home. Of those residents, 28.9% report that they speak English less than "very well." The following languages are spoken at home: English 95.0% Spanish 1.5% Other Indo-European Ian es Asian and Pacific Island Ian s Other languages The two largest non-Englis and Hmong spear Four Facto nE 1.3% 2.0% 0.3% lations in the City are Spanish The City as a CDBG Mitlement community is required to develop a plan for persons of different national origins that cannot speak, read, write, or understand English to ensure that LEP persons have meaningful access to CDBG funded programs and services, as well as all City programs and services. As such, the City has updated its Four Factor Analysis. The purpose of the Four Factor Analysis is to determine the reasonableness of language assistance for LEP persons based on the following: 1. Number or Proportion of LEP persons in the population to be served. It is estimated that the City has a non-English speaking population that exceed the 5% or 1,000 person LEP limit. Those non- English speaking populations are most likely Hmong speakers. There are additional non-English speakers in the City but in limited numbers. 2. Frequency with which LEP persons come into contact with the program activity or service. The City of Oshkosh Economic Development Division uses CDBG funds for activities that directly assist City residents, such as housing and public service activities, primarily Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 90 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI through subrecipient non-profit provider agencies. Residents are likely to have ongoing direct contact with the City's CDBG Program staff. According to the FY 2018 CAPER and Report PR-23, the total beneficiaries of CDBG assistance in FY 2018 were 74 individuals; 10 were Black/African American, 61 were White, 2 were Asian, and 1 was Other, Multi -Racial. 3. Importance of the service, information, program, and/or activity. The City's CDBG housing and public service activities are critical to the City's residents for access to decent, safe, sanitary, and affordable housing, as well as necessary in terms of supportive services to maintaining residents' quality of life. The City, local advocacy groups and organizations, and its subrecipient agencies must be able to outreach and interact with LEP persons to make G programs and services accessible to LEP persons. %� 4. Resources, financial and hA n, available to the recipient. Translation and interpretive services are vital for housing and public services activities and would be provided by the City, either through City staff or a community liaison, to any beneficiary that requires those services. Additionally, CDBG citizen participation materials and public notices will be published with the statement, "Any non-English speaking person wishing to the public hearing should contact Ms. Darlene Brandt at leas even 7) calendar days prior to the meeting and a (Language) in re ill be provided. This document and program materials ar_va in (Language) upon request." The C111r doe to the CDBC language ass Ma formal written Language Access Plan im, its staff and subrecipients, utilize the plan to assist LEP persons: Specific following • Engaging advocacy groups to promote services available through the CDBG Program • Interpretation and translation services by partnering with LEP groups, faith based organizations, and schools • Referrals to community liaisons proficient in the language of LEP persons • Notices and training to staff of the availability of LEP services • Advertising language services in outreach documents • Utilize HUD translated documents found at: https://www.hud.gov/program offices/fair housing equal opp /17lep Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 91 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 10. Taxes While real estate tax rates may not be an impediment to fair housing choice, the amount and method of calculation of taxes impacts the affordability of housing especially as it relates to housing in the surrounding area. The following table shows the millage rates for the City of Oshkosh. Tax Rates in the City of Oshkosh for 2019-2020 2019 Assessed Rate 2018 Assessed Rate County 5.284 5.352 Area Schools 9.959 9.424 Area Vocational 1.105 1.114 City 10.903 10.582 State School Credit 1.719 1.725 Total 25.533 24.747 Source: City of Oshkosh Real estate tax are highest in the Cities as compared to the County. shown that property values tend to appreciate slower in areas of higher effective property tax rates as compared to areas of lower effective property tax rates. This is of course contingent on the real tax rate as it relates to assessed home values. 11. Comprehensive Plan In 2018, the City of Oshkosh updated its Comprehensive Plan. The goals identified for the City are divided according to subject, and are as follows: Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 92 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Goals — 1. Housing • Develop policies and programs to create housing products to address unmet needs as market conditions evolve. • Maintain or rehabilitate the City's existing housing stock. • Enhance environmental quality, promote good design, and eliminate and lessen land use conflicts throughout the community. • Ensure ongoing communication regarding housing issues and activities. 2 3 Land Use • Provide sufficient land area with adequate services to meet projected land demand for various types of land uses. • Encourage the efficient and compact utilization of land. • Encourage compatible land use development. • Encourage redevelopment to be oriented toward the waterfront and increase public access where appropriate. • Maintain, preserve and enhance the availability of existing neighborhood development. • Promote environmentally sensitive and responsible utilization of land, incorporating permanent open space and natural resources. TransportatiCei • Provi dell -designed collector and arterial streets and h. • cre a the efficiency and "reduce friction" on principal arterial stree hich form the primary circulation system. Maintai efficiency of the regional highway system for high eed ' racity transportation. • adequate parking is available throughout the City. • Pro ide quality public transit and paratransit services. • Provide facilities for pedestrian and bicycle circulation. • Maintain adequate and efficient aviation facilities serving the Oshkosh area. • Encourage the establishment of passenger rail service in the Oshkosh area. 4. Economic Development • Leverage the collective assets of the broader region for increased economic prosperity within the City of Oshkosh. • Promote and support diversification of the industrial and manufacturing employment base in order to have a more resilient local and regional economy. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 93 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Have a strong core of stable employers within the City of Oshkosh. • Support the growth of entrepreneurship activities and new companies within the City of Oshkosh. • Promote Oshkosh as a regional economic center within the larger Fox Valley/1-41 Corridor market. • Develop physical facilities within designated Economic Activity Zones and other parts of Oshkosh which support economic development linking Oshkosh to the regional and global network. • Promote destination tourism for individuals, or group activities such as conferences, recreational activities, and special events. • Support programs designed to Zal ce and develop workforce skills and productivity. • Increase the economic and opportunities within the downtown, central city and waterfront areas. • Strengthen and improve major entryways into the City as well as other commercial and retail corridors within the City. • Maintain and improve the uality of the City's neighborhoods. • Celebrate the overall high lity of life and sense of place that the City of Oshk urr ing region have to offer. • Continue to impr th overall aesthetic quality. 5. Utilities and Community F ities • Expand and maint utility and community facilities and services provided by both public and private entities that support A*Womic and residential development. Design facilities and services for an adequate level of service, Nbased on standards for population and demand for those cilities and services. • romote neighborhoods designed to include pedestrian and bicycle friendly facilities and public gathering places. • Promote growth and redevelopment of property included within the service areas of the existing infrastructure and service system. • Utilize environmentally sensitive methods and systems. • Ensure ongoing communication regarding Utilities and Community Facilities issues and activities. 6. Agricultural, Natural, and Cultural Resources • Promote the development of urban agricultural programs and activities. • Protect and preserve the wetlands, shore lands, and other environmentally sensitive areas. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 94 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 7 • Protect aquatic and wildlife habitat when managing development in proximity to environmental corridors, riparian areas, and woodlands. • Protect and develop passive and active recreation resources (e.g. parks, trails, hunting and fishing opportunities). • Promote and aesthetically pleasing natural environmental throughout the City. • Promote the on -going viability of publicly and privately owned cultural resources. • Create a strong and vibrant cultural tourism program. • Promote and publicize cultural events and sites within the City. • Encourage preservation and protection of the historic built environment. • Maintain, improve, and increase public access to the waterfront. • Continue to improve the City's overall aesthetic quality. • Ensure ongoing communication regarding agricultural, natural, and cultural resource iss and activities. Intergovernmental Cooperatio • Establish mutually-bene relations with local public, parochial, technical and univ ity educational systems. • Establish mutually -beneficial relations with other jurisdictions. • Adopt d maintain intergovernmental agreements with all surro ng towns. • Ensu ongoing communication regarding intergovernmental issues ctivities. e s— ObjectivI For Oshko. while balan JFthe framework to reach the City of Oshkosh's goals. le objectives work to ensure orderly and efficient growth the welfare of its residents. • Conduct housing/market studies as needed to better understand housing needs. • Develop a variety of housing types to address unmet housing needs. • Make land use decisions, which fulfill the City's demand for residential and non-residential land. • Revise the City's Official Map to reflect essential linkages and future roads and capacity expansions between economic activity centers, residential neighborhoods, and regional highways. • Coordinate the economic planning efforts of Oshkosh with other community organizations in Oshkosh as well as other Fox Valley communities. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 95 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Promote economic development that increases the types of jobs available in all sectors. • Provide ongoing support to existing businesses in order to retain them and assist in their expansion needs. • Support programs and services that increase entrepreneurial success. • Create a positive image/identity for the City, in the context of the Fox Valley Region / 1-41 Corridor, in order to attract high -quality talent and high paying jobs. • Develop tools to assess and evaluate facilities in concentrated economic zones. • Work closely with the Oshkosh Convention & Visitors Bureau to ensure a city-wide strategy exists to draw special events to the City. • Support educational and training programs that increase workforce skills and productivity, including literacy., • Develop tools and support programs tftLfoster the redevelopment and revitalization of older idential d employment areas within/near the central city. • Develop programs and i ti that decrease consumption of new land and new material reutilizes existing buildings to the extent practicable. • Explore opportunitie vi direct routes into and through the City. • Develop an rograms that increase viability of neighborhoods, i ludin esidences and business owners. • Promote the di o recreation and lifestyle opportunities that Oshkosh has to offer. • Utilize tools and programs that enhance the City's attractiveness. • Develop and implement plans for future facilities. • Develop facilities and services that accommodate future population and business needs. • Develop neighborhoods that foster social and recreational opportunities for citizens. • Develop property in a manner that lessens the need for facility and service extensions. • Develop facilities and systems that protect the environment and complement the existing aesthetics of the community. • Adopt policy to verify ongoing communication with Utility and Community Facilities stakeholders. • Support agricultural opportunities for the community. • Participate in programs that protect and conserve environmentally sensitive areas. • Develop programs that protect the environmental features during development. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 96 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Coordinate park purchases and programs that increase the amount of and connect recreational opportunities within the City and with other agencies and local units of government. • Develop programs that address the aesthetic quality of new and existing development. • Develop partnerships and programs that promote local resources to citizens and visitors. • Coordinate events and advertising of cultural events for visitors. • Develop programs that increase awareness of local events and sites. • Develop programs that identify and promote local historic resources. • Continue to provide and promote opportunities • Continue to provide and promote opportunities for recreational events on and public access to the Lake Winnebago and Fox River system. • Develop programs that update and create standards to address the aesthetic quality of new and existing development. • Adopt policy to verify ongoing communication with agricultural, natural, and cultural resource stakeholders. • Provide efficient and coordinated services. • Establish effective intergovernmental land use policies within the extraterritorial jurisdiction area. • Explore intergovernmental agreements and contracts for services outside of land use (police, garbage, etc.) • Establish effective intergovernmental agreements that benefit long- range planning efforts to define agreed upon jurisdictional bound , land uses, and service levels. . dopt icy to verify ongoing communication with rg wer ental stakeholders. The City's rehensive Plan does not contain any policy that would impede fair housing choice. 12. Section 3 HUD's definition of Section 3 is: Section 3 is a provision of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968. The purpose of Section 3 to ensure that employment and other economic opportunities generated by certain HUD financial assistance shall, to the greatest extent feasible, and consistent with existing Federal, State and local laws and regulations, be directed to low- and very low income persons, particularly those who are recipients of government assistance for housing, and to business Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 97 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 13 14. concerns which provide economic opportunities to low- and very low-income persons. The City has identified the following Section 3 Goals: All CDBG-funded construction contracts that are subject to Section 3 will include the following documents in the attachments to the bid package — • CDBG Entitlement Program — Oshkosh, WI — Special Conditions (for applicable Program Year funding) • Federal Labor Standards Provisions — HUD-4010 • Supplementary Conditions of the Contract for Construction — HUD- 2554 • Copy of Wage Decision for the Project — General Decision Number — Publication Date • §135.38 Section 3 Clause • Employee Rights Under the Davis -Bacon Act — English & Spanish Versions (posters to be displayed at the job site) • Payroll Reporting Form WH347 (with instructions) • Record of Employee Interview — HUD-11 • Record of Employee Interview — HUD-11 (in Spanish, including instructions) • Certified Payroll Form — Signature Authorization form • Certificate g Compliance — Section 3 • Contract/Subcontractor's Statement of Workforce Needs • Contract /Subcontractor's Estimated Project Workforce During R its Ana ol%npediments study, no impediments or complaints were tinned o iled based on Section 3 Requirements. Section 504 4 The City does not have a Section 504 Plan, though it complies with Section 504 of the Americans with Disabilities Act through its Code and policies. It is recommended that the City adopt a formal Section 504 Plan Transportation Renting or owning an affordable home is not the only factor in a resident's quality of life and access to fair housing. Having access to transportation, whether it is a private vehicle or a public bus, is just as important as the price of a rent or mortgage. Mobility determines whether a resident can access work, education, services, or healthcare. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 98 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI City of Oshkosh Transportation Department The local bus and paratransit system in Oshkosh are served by GO Transit which is funded by the City of Oshkosh, Winnebago County, the State of Wisconsin and the Federal Government. GO Transit operates buses within the City beginning at 6:15 A.M. and ending between 6:15 P.M. and 6:45 P.M., depending on the route. All routes run Monday through Saturday, with no services on Sundays. GO Transit offers ten bus routes that run throughout the City. All buses are accessible and equipped with kneeling capability, wheelchair ramps and include bike racks. GO Transit also offers a paratransit service named GO Plus to assist individuals with disabilities who may not be able to ride a traditional bus. The City's 10-year sidewalk plan ensures that all fixed bus routes are accessible for all residents. The City of Oshkosh and GO Transit completed an update to the Transit Development Plan in 2018. GO Transit utilized surveys, advertisements and other forms of outreach to the public for comment. The main results of the plan were an increase in the adult fare and changes to the monthly pass system; these changes were enacted in January 2019. GO Transit also made the following recommendations in the 2018 Transit Development Plan: • Upgrades in IT systems • Route 10 Deviation o Could involve possible changes to route o Could partner with Valley Transit • Participating in 2018-2019 Commuter Feasibility Study • Continued participation in Winnebago County Rural Transportation Initiative and Feonix Mobility Rising pilot project • Continue regional coordination with Valley Transit system in Appleton o Possibility that the Appleton and Oshkosh urban areas could combine • Improved coordination with Oshkosh Area School District to assist students • Improve coordination with City Planning, Public Works and Engineering Departments regarding road reconstruction projects. • Develop a transit marketing plan GO Transit has also made changes to Route 9, which has historically has been an underperforming route compared to others and regularly review their routes to ensure that the needs of the community are being met. Additionally, GO Transit through the MPO have a pilot program called Winnebago Catch -A -Ride for the whole county, the program is a volunteer rider program. Through the GO PLUS program low-income residents that Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 99 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI do not have reasonable access to the bus can receive service through a ride sharing program in order to get to work. GO Transit uses the programs in order to try to fill in service gaps that are not filled by the standard bus service. The largest service needs are evening service and service on Sundays. 15. Education School districts, particularly "good" school districts, is an oft -cited reason for families to move into an area. There are fourteen (14) public elementary schools, five (5) middle schools, and two (2) high schools. Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction (DPI) used the Wisconsin Accountability Report Cards to assess a school's performance until 2018. The purpose of the Report Cards was to provide accountability by measuring multiple indicators of success. The indicators are rated on a scale ranging from "Fails to Meet Expectation" to "Significantly Exceeds Expectations." Oshkosh Area School District has an overall score of 74.0, which is designated "Exceeds Expectations". In the categories of District Growth, Closing Gaps, On -Track and Postsecondary Readiness, the Oshkosh Area School District surpasses the State's overall score. Oshkosh Area School District is less than a point off from meeting the State's score in Student Achievement. • 9,95 isi nrollment • 0.4 o is dian or Alaskan Native 7.3% Asia • 5.2% Blac r African American • 5.1 % His is/Latino 77.8% White • 4.2% Two or More Races • 15.3% Students with Disabilities 41.1 % Economically Disadvantaged 5.5% English Learners In the fall of 2019, DPI will feature ACT Aspire testing data, which measures student readiness in reading, writing, English, mathematics, and science for 9th and loth graders. According to the 2011-2015 ACS Data, the City of Oshkosh has a slightly lower percentage of residents with a high school degree (89.3%) than Winnebago County (92.0%) and the State of Wisconsin (91.0%). There is a larger percentage of City of Oshkosh residents without a high school degree in which poverty has been determined (22.3%) than in Winnebago County (20.9%). Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 100 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI High school graduates that will stay local can go on to trade schools like Fox Valley Tech, or to the University of Wisconsin -Oshkosh. 16. Nutrition - Food Deserts Access to healthy, nutritious food is vital to a child's development, and access to healthy, nutritious food is critical in preventative healthcare for elderly residents. Purchasing or renting a home in an area without a grocery store can often mean long trips via public transit to the next neighborhood or town, reliance on the charity of neighbors, or letting a child go malnourished. These trips can be costly in time and resources, and the alternative is potentially a lifetime of chronic illness. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Treasury, and Health and Human Services (HHS), food deserts are defined as low-income census tracts with a substantial number or share of residents with low levels of access to retail outlets selling healthy and affordable foods. In acknowledging that people live within census tracts of varying densities, "low levels of access" can be defined as 33 percent of a population (or at least 500 persons) either living more than half a mile (0.5 mi) from a supermarket or large grocery store in urban areas, or living ten (10) miles in the case of rural Census Tracts. Policy Map has several layer functions that map out Food Deserts as well as maps utilizing Low Income and Low Access designations. The Food Desert map is based on the Healthy Foods Financing Initiative in 2006, which used a 1-kilometer square grid for analysis. That map is listed first below. The map immediately following the 2006 Food Desert Map is the Low Income and Low Access Map, which utilized 2015 USDA data, as well as the new model of using Census Tracts as the basis for analysis. The City's central business district boasts several restaurants, but notably lacks a large grocery store. There is a Saturday Farmers Market held downtown, as well as an Asian goods store, but neither one meets the USDA criteria for a supermarket, supercenter, or large grocery store. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 101 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Healthy Foods Financing Initiative Designated Food Deserts, as of 2006. Food Desert _ Sear: Shadedd by: by: Census Tract, 2000 Insufficient Data a�...e«• n Food Desert Not Food Desert Source. CDFI Fund and 1'olicyMap WWNcA /.re EMwtl¢k Ave are Cnv A Ceurs OelWoe�Me :'Pr• A S Z� � mB swmc.. MAP I F � Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 102 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI POLrCYi4J The 2015 Low Income and considered a "food desert". Low Access map shows an increase in areas Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 103 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI C. Private Sector: The private sector has traditionally generated the most easily recognized impediments to fair housing choice in regard to discrimination in the sale, rental or advertising of dwellings; the provision of brokerage services; or in the availability of financing for real estate purchases. The Fair Housing Act and local laws prohibits such practices as the failure to give the same terms, privileges, or information; charging different fees; steering prospective buyers or renters toward a certain area or neighborhood; or using advertising that discourages prospective buyers or renters because of race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, and national origin. 1. Real Estate Practices The Winnebago Apartment Association provides ethical and responsible education and representation for landlords operating within Winnebago County and the Greater Oshkosh area. The Association educates its members on numerous rules and regulations, including Fair Housing and Housing First practices. The Association holds monthly meetings that aid in the dissemination of information for its members. The Wisconsin Realtors Association has issued a Fair Housing Declaration, which states, "Equal opportunity in housing is still not a reality for many people. This goal will not be achieved until we have a housing market which is free from discriminatory preferences and which respects, understands and welcomes cultural diversity. To this end, each real estate professional in our community must take a positive approach and practice our profession in keeping with the letter and the spirit of fair housing law." Members are expected to provide equal professional service without regard to an individual's class as protected by law, keep informed about fair housing laws and practices, develop fair housing policies and practices within the real estate firm, inform clients and customers about their rights and responsibilities, and refuse to tolerate non-compliance with fair housing law. 2. Real Estate Advertising Under Federal Law, no advertisement with respect to the sale or rental of a dwelling unit may indicate any preference, limitation, or discrimination because of race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin. Under the Fair Housing Act Amendments, descriptions are listed in regard to the use of words, photographs, symbols or other approaches that are considered discriminatory. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 104 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Real estate advertisements were reviewed from several electronic sources such as: Facebook, Craigslist, Realtor.com, Rent.com, Zillow.com. Some of the sources included a disclaimer from the publisher indicating that each advertisement is subject to the Federal Fair Housing Act and that all dwellings advertised are available on an equal opportunity basis. Most of the sources included the Fair Housing logo. None of the publications appeared to contain discriminatory language nor prohibited occupancy by any protected class. 3. Private Financing The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (F.I.R.R.E.A.) requires any commercial institution that makes five (5) or more home mortgage loans, to report all home loan activity to the Federal Reserve Bank under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA). The annual HMDA data can be found online at www.ffiec.ciov/hmda/. The most recent HMDA Data for the Oshkosh- Neenah Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is that of 2018, but the City used the 2015 HMDA data for this analysis. The following tables provide an analysis of the HMDA data in the Oshkosh -Neenah (MSA). T MSA includes the Cities of Oshkosh and Neenah. The boundarie n the City and the County are noncontiguous and Censu Tr can include both City and County residents. The ho s i ed in this report represent loans on 1- to 4-family and m act d ho s from the following loan types: 1) FHA, FSA/RHS an A; tional; 3) Refinancings; and 4) Home Improvement. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 105 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The table below lists the lending activity that occurred during 2015 in the area. Home Loans Purchased by Location of Property and Type of Loan Census Tract FHA, FSA/RHS & VA Conventional Refinancing Home Improvement Loans # Amount # Amount # Amount # Amount 0001.00 5 705,000 26 2,103,000 34 2,750,000 8 600,000 0002.00 6 680,000 21 1,986,000 36 8 595,000 0003.00 10 1,217,000 51 6,082,000 k,351,000 00 10 277,000 0004.00 13 1,211,000 22 1,800,000 2,562,000 13 611,000 0005.00 9 666,000 50 51 14,416,000 11 408,000 0007.00 - - C 2,00 0 9 9,472,000 1 20,000 0008.00 8 829,000 00 39 7,059,000 11 564,000 0009.00 7 ,000 3,115,000 41 4,106,000 6 359,000 0010.00 7 669,N 18 1,723,000 17 1,409,000 6 131,000 0011.00 11 1,209,000 28 2,347,000 39 3,400,000 6 286,000 0012.00 6 481,000 17 1,051,000 18 1,042,000 7 151,000 0013.00 7 932,000 33 2,548,000 38 3,392,000 9 379,000 0014.00 13 1,437,000 52 4,039,000 46 3,795,000 6 316,000 0015.00 9 944,000 33 2,871,000 40 3,532,000 8 345,000 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 106 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 0016.00 5 612,000 26 3,218 31 4,063 8 544 0017.00 6 858,000 33 4,988,000 56 10,182,000 7 409,000 0018.01 11 1,901,000 68 9,724,000 76 9,317,000 18 768,000 0018.03 11 1,980,000 47 6,946,000 62 8,866,000 8 360,000 0018.04 8 1,106,000 89 17,874,000 97 15,477,000 17 1,262,000 0019.00 6 837,000 58 9,936,000 97 10 1,477,000 0020.00 20 2,447,000 72 10,894,000 1400 kJ41101,000 30 1,139,000 0021.00 4 497,000 35 6,489,000, 8,554,000 11 451,000 0022.01 17 2,295,000 68 14,079,000 14,905,000 15 1,738,000 0022.02 11 1,872,000 9,854,000 59 8,307,000 6 210,000 0023.00 12 2,120,000 17,640,000 139 25,975,000 18 1,385,000 0024.00 19 8,000 1 18,369,000 175 24,237,000 22 1244 0025.00 10 1,387, 8 3,069,000 40 4,250,000 6 330,000 0026.01 9 1,136,000 23 2,793,000 64 6,358,000 8 560,000 0026.02 25 3,281,000 24 2,886,000 62 5,976,000 13 484,000 0027.00 18 1,722,000 23 1,854,000 35 3,352,000 8 318,000 0028.00 23 2,100,000 43 3,465,000 63 5,440,000 11 603,000 0029.00 7 726,000 8 593,000 21 1,481,000 1 13,000 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 107 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 0030.00 5 545,000 13 1,764,000 18 2,705,000 7 304,000 0031.00 6 804,000 19 2,874,000 31 3,461,000 8 171,000 0032.00 17 1,762,000 27 3,096,000 42 4,145,000 8 320,000 0033.00 18 1,622,000 29 2,669,000 37 3,233,000 10 211,000 0034.00 16 1,260,000 44 3,488,000 62 4,129,000 7 189,000 0035.00 6 665,000 12 1,115,000 35 015,000 5 198,000 0036.00 13 1,940,000 53 9,004,000 ,000 12 530,000 0037.01 17 2,141,000 38 4,145,00 42 3,814,000 14 472,000 0037.02 34 6,266,000 181 3 IL 190 28,456,000 36 2,690,000 MSA/MD Total 465 59,083,000 1,741 7,17 00 2,350 314,859,000 434 23,422,000 City of low Oshkosh Loans as 33.98% 32.29% 43.60% 36.41 % 38.64% 39.32% 41.01 % 39.79% a % of MSA Loans Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 108 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI The table below lists the lending activity that occurred during 2015 in the area. Home Loans Purchased by Location of Property and Type of Loan Loan Loans Originated Approved, Not Accepted Applications Denied Applications Withdrawn File Closed for Incompleteness il FHA, Oshkosh 158 1 18 11 4 FSA/RHS & VA MSA 465 5 53 36 10 Oshkosh 759 33 74 59 16 Conventional MSA 1,741 55 197 177 28 Oshkosh 908 33 269 188 61 Refinancings MSA 2,350 78 4 644 449 141 Home Oshkosh 178 1 34 14 3 Improvement Loans MSA 434 75 34 11 Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx The table bel lists he lending activity by income group to establish a baseline for len ivity per income. Disposition of Loan Applications by Income of Applicant Total Approved Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Income A s PP Loans Originated But Not Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness p Accepted # # Mmijim, # % # % # % # % Less than 50% of 112 90 80.36% 13 11.61 % 6 5.36% 3 2.68% MSA/MD a median M 50-79% of m MSA/MD 215 180 83.72% 2 0.93% 17 7.91 % 14 6.51 % 2 0.93% ui median x Q 80-99% of LL MSA/MD 100 83 83.00% 0.00% 6 6.00% 9 9.00% 2 2.00% a median x LL 100-119% of 58 44 75.86% 1 1.72% 9 15.52% 3 5.17% 1 1.72% MSA/MD median Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 109 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 120% or more of 77 65 84.42% 2 2.60% 6 7.79% 2 2.60% 2 2.60% MSA/MD median Less than 50% of MSA/MD 272 189 69.49% 6 2.21 % 53 19.49% 20 7.35% 4 1.47% median 50-79% of MSA/MD 494 379 76.72% 16 3.24% 52 10.53% 40 8.10% 7 1.42% median m c 0 80-99% of a MSA/MD 274 217 79.20% 5 1.82% 26 9.49% 23 8.39% 3 1.09% > median c 0 v 100-119% of 214 174 81.31 % 5 2.34% 14 6.54° 21 9.81 % 0.00% MSA/MD median 120% or more of MSA/MD 714 596 83.47% 22 3.08% 3� 5.18% 56 7.84% 3 0.42% median Less than 50% of MSA/MD 455 249 54.73% 12 2.64% 125 27.47% 49 10.77% 20 4.40% median 50-79% of MSA/MD 734 452 61.58% 13 77 0 148 20.16% 91 12.40% 30 4.09% median a) a 80-99% of = MSA/MD 462 309 n10 1.9 76 16.45% 58 12.55% 10 2.16% median x 100-119% of 377 1.86% 53 14.06% 48 12.73% 11 2.92% MSA/MD VN median 120% or more of 1,178 6 % 25 2.12% 176 14.94% 132 11.21% 31 2.63% MSA/MD median Less than 50% of 54 31 57.41 % 1 1.85% 18 33.33% 2 3.70% 2 3.70% MSA/MD median d 50-79% of E MSA/MD 116 82 70.69% 2 1.72% 22 18.97% 7 6.03% 3 2.59% d > 0 median a £ 80-99% of £ MSA/MD 85 67 78.82% 1 1.18% 12 14.12% 5 5.88% 0.00% 0 median x 100-119% of 59 48 81.36% 0.00% 5 8.47% 5 8.47% 1 1.69% MSA/MD median Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 110 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 120% or more of 208 171 82.21 % 3 1.44% 16 7.69% 13 6.25% 5 2.40% MSA/MD median Less than 50% of MSA/MD 893 559 62.60% 19 2.13% 209 23.40% 77 8.62% 29 3.25% median 50-79% of MSA/MD 1,559 1,093 70.11% 33 2.12% 239 15.33% 152 9.75% 42 2.69% median 80-99% of MSA/MD 921 676 73.40% 15 1.63% 120 13.03% 95 10.31% 15 1.63% median 0 ~ 100-119% of 708 524 74.01 % 13 1.84% 81 11.44° 77 10.88% 13 1.84% MSA/MD median 120% or more of MSA/MD 2,177 1,646 75.61% 52 2.39% 20 10.799 203 9.32% 41 1.88% median TOTAII 6,258 4,498 71.88% 132 2.11% 884 h.13% 604 9.65% 140 2.24% ource: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx The table below e g activity by racial/ethnic group. 6 Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity of Applicant Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness Loan Cohort American Indian/Alaska Native a a Asian 9 7 77.8% 1 11.1 % 1 11.1 % ui 2 a a Black or African U- American 8 4 50.0% 1 12.5% 2 25.0% 1 12.5% d LL Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 111 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI White 515 430 83.5% 3 0.5% 44 8.5% 30 5.8% 8 1.6% 2 or more minority races - - - - - - - - - - - Joint (White/Minority 6 5 83.3% - - 1 16.7% - - Race) Race Not Available 31 19 61.3% 6 19.4% 5 16.1% 1 3.2% Hispanic or Latino 15 12 80.0% 3 20.0% - - - - American Indian/Alaska 6 5 83.3% - - 1 16.7% Native Asian 19 25 21 84% 1 1 4.0° 1 1 A& 4.0% I 8.0% - - I Black or Africa American 3 1 33.3% - - 66.7% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 4 3 75.0% 25.0% Islander m c 0 White 1,852 4 1,9° 79. .5% 159 8.6% 152 8.2% 15 0.81% c 0 U 2 or more minority races - - Joint (White/Mmont 29 21 2.4% 2 6.9% 1 3.4% 5 17.2% - - Race) Race Not Available 279 210 75.3% 6 2.2% 33 11.8% 18 6.5% 12 4.3% Hispanic or Latino 16 7 - - 5 4 - - American Indian/Alask 5 2 40% 1 20% 1 20% 1 20% Native U _ Asia 33 16 48.5% 11 33.3% 5 15.2% 1 3.0% w a� Black or African American 10 5 5 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 112 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 3 1 33.3% - 2 66.7% - - Islander White 3,245 2,135 67 542 385 116 2 or more minority races 'I - - 1 100% - - - - - - Joint (White/Minority 28 17 60.7% 1 3.6% 5 17.9% 4 14.3% 1 3.6% Race) Race Not Available 337 174 51.6% 9 2.7% 78 23.1% 54 16.0% 22 6.5% Hispanic or Latino 33 16 48.5% 1 3.0% 12 4% 3 10.0% 1 3.0% American Indian/Alaska 1 1 100.0% - - - - - - - Native 'z 1� Asian 6 1 16.7% - 33.3% 2 33.3% 1 16.7% Black or Afric" American 2 - - 100.0% - - - - Native Hawaiian. or Other Pacific 2 1 P 50.0° - 1 50.0% Islander E ° a White 4 378 78.8 /0 6 o 1.25 /0 62 o 12.9 /0 24 a 5.0/0 10 a 2.1 /o E d E 2 or more = minority races - Joint (White/Minority 1 - - - - - - 1 100.0% Race) Race Not Available 69 53 76.8% 1 1.4% 8 11.6% 7 10.1% Hispanic or Latino 13 6 46.2% - - 4 30.8% 3 23.1% American Indian/Alaska 12 8 66.7% 1 8.3% 1 8.3% 2 16.7% Native m 0 F- Asian 73 45 61.6% 2 2.7% 15 20.5% 9 1.2% 2 2.7% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 113 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Black or African American 23 10 43.5% 1 4.3% 11 47.8 1 4.3% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 9 5 55.6% - - 4 44.4% - - Islander White 6,092 4,423 72.6% 122 2.0% 807 13.2% 591 9.7% 149 2.4% 2 or more minority races 1 - - 1 100% - - - - - - Joint (White/Minority 64 43 67.2% 3 4.7% 6 9.4% 11 17.2% 1 1.5% Race) Race Not Available 716 456 63.7% 16 2.2% 125 17.5% 84 11.7% 35 4.9% Hispanic or Latino 77 41 53.2% 1 1.3% 24 31.1% 10 13.0% 1 1.3% Total 7,067 5,031 71.2% 146 2. 993 14.1 % 706 10.0% 191 2.7% https.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTabIeList.aspx The following A s wi omp denial rates per racial/ethnic group and income to id at may have higher denial rates than another. Higher rates are highlighted. Dispos on of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity and Income of Applicant Less than 50% of MSA/MD Median - Oshkosh, Neenah MSA Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness a American > Indian/Alaska c m Native ui = Asian 2 2 100.0% N U- Black or African; 1 1 1 D0.0% U- American Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 114 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific - - - - - - - - - Islander White 103 84 81.6% 11 10.7% 5 4.9% 3 2.9% 2 or more minority races _ Joint (White/Minority - - - - - - - Race) Race Not Available 6 3 50.0% 2 33.3% 1 16.7% Hispanic or 1 1 100.0% - - Latino American Indian/Alaska- Native Asian 4 3 75.0% - - 1 25.0% - Black or African American - Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 1 1 Islander R c 0 y White 248 177 0 6 2.4% 42 16.9% 20 8.1% 3 1.2% c 0 c.� 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 4 75.0% 1 25.0% - - - Race) Race Not 15 5 33.3% 9 0.60% - 1 6.7% Available Hispanic or Latino 3 1 333% . 2 ° 66.7 /° American Indian/Alaska - - - - - Native d c c Asian 3 1 33.3% 1 33.3% 1 33.3% w a� Black or African 2 2 100.0% American Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 115 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 1 - - - - 1 100.0% - - - - Islander White 414 237 57.2% 11 2.7% 103 24.9% 46 11.1 % 17 4.1 % 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority - - - - - - - - - - - Race) Race Not Available 35 11 31.4% 1 2.9% 18 51.4% 2 5.7% 3 8.6% Hispanic or 6 1 16.7% - - 4 66.7% 1 16.7% - - Latino American Indian/Alaska- Native Asian 1 - 1 100.0% - Black or African American 1 - 100.0% - Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific - - - - - °1 E Islander m 0 a. White 50 30 T o 17 2.0% 15 30.0% 2 4.0% 2 4.0% E 0 2 or more = minority races Joint (White/Minorit- Race) Race Not 2 1 50.0% 1 50.0% Available Hispanic or Latino 2 1 50. 0% 1 50.0% American Indian/Alaska - - - - - Native R 6 Asian 10 6 60.0% 3 30.0% 1 10.0% H Black or African American 4 1 25.0% 3 75.0% - - Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 116 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 2 1 50.0% - - 1 50.0% - - - - Islander White 815 528 64.8% 18 2.2% 171 21.0% 73 9.0% 25 3.1% 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 4 3 75.0% - - 1 25.0% - - - - Race) Race Not Available 58 20 34.5% 1 1.7% 30 51.7% 3 5.2% 4 6.9% Hispanic or Latino 12 4 33.3% - - 7 5AV. 1 8.3% - - Total 905 563 62.2% 19 2.1% 2 78 8.6% 29 3.2% Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx For loan applicants under 50% of MSA/MD Median income the following groups had denial rates tj&Lwere 10% higher than the average denial rate: • Race Not Avaiile F SA/RHS/, and VA loan denial rates of 33.3% (11.61% erag • Hispania r Leat' Tonal loan denial rate of 66.7% (19.49% Average) • Black or Afrl American refinance loan denial rate of 100.0% (27.47% Average) • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander refinance loan denial rate of 100.0% (27.47% Average) • Race Not Available refinance loan denial rate of 51.4% (27.47% Average) • Hispanic or Latino refinance loan denial rate of 66.7% (27.47% Average) • Asian home improvement loan denial rate of 100.0% (33.33% Average) • Black or African American home improvement loan denial rate of 100.0% (33.33% Average) • Race Not Available home improvement loan denial rate of 50.0% (33.33% Average) • Hispanic or Latino home improvement loan denial rate of 50.0% (33.33% Average) Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 117 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity and Income of Applicant 50-79% of MSA/MD Median Total Loans Originated Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Cohort Apps Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness American Indian/Alaska - - - - - Native Asian 4 3 75.0% 1 25.0% - - - - Black or ;4trican American 3 1 33.3% - 1 3.3% 1 33.3% Q Native awaftan > or Other Pacific - - - - - - - c Islander uS x White 193 166 86.0% 1 0.5 14 7.3% 12 6.2% (n LL LL a 2 or more LL minority races Joint (White/Minority 1 1 100% - - - Race) Race Not 14 °o - 2 14.3% 2 14.3% 1 7.1 % Available Hispanic or 9 2 18.2% - - - - Latino .8% American IV Indian/Alaska 4 75.0% - - 1 25.0% Native Asian 6 6 100.0% Black or African 1 1 0 100.0/a 0 American c cNative Hawaiian 0 or Other Pacific - - - - - - - v Islander White 460 360 78.3% 14 3.0% 45 10.0% 36 7.8% 5 1.1% 2 or more minority races Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 118 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Joint (White/Minority 6 4 66.7% 1 1.7% - - 1 1.7% - - Race) Race Not Available 17 6 35.3% 1 5.9% 6 35.3% 3 17.6% 1 5.9% Hispanic or 8 4 50.0% - - 2 25.0% 2 25.0% - - Latino American Indian/Alaska Native Asian 5 2 40.0% 3 60.0% Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 2 1 50.0% - 1 50:0% Islander d c = White 673 426 63.3% 13 125 18.6% 82 12.2% 27 4.0% a) d 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 2 2 All - - - - - - - Race) Race Not Available 51 21 0 18 35.3% 9 17.6% 3 5.9% Hispanic or 4C 4 0.0% - 3 37.5% - - 1 12.5% Latino American 14 Indian/Alaska 1 NOIF100.0% - - - - - - Native Asian 2 1 50.0% 1 50.0% c a) E Black or African > American 0 a E Native Hawaiian a) or Other Pacific E 0 2 Islander White 105 78 74.3% 2 1.9% 17 16.2% 5 4.8% 3 2.9% 2 or more minority races Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 119 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Joint (White/Minority Race) Race Not 8 3 37.5% 4 50.05% 1 12.5% Available Hispanic or 7 3 42.9% 4 57.1% 1 14.3% Latino American Indian/Alaska 5 4 80.0% - - - - 1 20.0% Native Asian 17 11 64.7% 1 5.9% 3 17.6% 1 5.9% 1 5.9% Black or African 4 1 25.0% - - 2 % - - 1 25.0% American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 2 1 50.0% 1 °o Islander White 1,431 1,030 72.0% 30 /6 201 14.0% 135 9.4% 35 2.4% m 0 ~ 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 9 7 77.8% N7_0% 1 11.0% - - Race) Race Not 90 39 43.3°/ 1 30 33.3% 15 1.7% 5 5.6% Available .1% Hispanic or Latino 34 - - 11 32.0% 3 8.8% 1 2.9% Total 1, 92 1,113 .9% 33 2.0% 248 15.6% 155 9.7% 44 2.8% Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx For loan applicants 50-79% of MSA/MD Median income the following groups had denial rates that were 10% higher than the average denial rate: • Black or African American FHA, FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 33.33% (7.91 % Average) • Hispanic or Latino FHA, FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 18.2% (7.91 % Average) • Black or African American Conventional loan denial rate of 100.00% (10.53% Average) • Race Not Available Conventional loan denial rate of 35.3% (10.53% Average) Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 120 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Hispanic or Latino Conventional loan denial rate of 25.0% (10.53% Average) • Asian Conventional loan denial rate of 25.0% (10.53% Average) • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Conventional loan denial rate of 50.0% (10.53% Average) • Asian Refinance loan denial rate of 60.0% (20.16% Average) • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Refinance loan denial rate of 50.0% (20.16% Average) • Race Not Available Refinance loan denial rate of 35.3% (20.16% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Refinance loan denial rate of 37.5% (20.16% Average) • Race Not Available Home Improvement loan denial rate of 50.05% (18.97% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Home Improvement loa enial rate of 57.1% (18.97% Average) Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity and Income of Applicant 80-99% of MSA/MD Median Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness American Indian/Alaska - - - - Native Asian 1 14. 100.0% - Black or African American a > Native Hawaiian:® c or Other Pacific - `6 Islander ui x a White 92 7 83.7% 5 5.4% 8 8.7% 2 2.2% 'a LL 2 or more minority Q x races LL Joint (White/Minority 2 2 100.0% Race) Race Not 5 3 60.0% 1 20.0% 1 20.0% Available Hispanic or Latino 1 1 100.0% - - - - American Indian/Alaska 2 2 100.0% m = 0 Native 15 Asian 3 2 66.7% 1 33.3% c U Black or African American Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 121 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Native Hawaiia or Other Pacifi 1 1 100.0% - - - - - - - Islander White 256 204 79.7% 4 1.6% 24 9.4% 21 8.2% 3 1.1 % 2 or more minori" races Joint (White/Minority 1 1 100.0% - - - - Race) Race Not q1 11 7 63.6% 1 9.1 % 2 1 Available Hispanic or Latin . 2 1 50.0% - - - 1 50.0% - American Indian/Alaska 2 1 50.0% - - - 1 50.0% Native Asian 3 1 33.3% 1 3.3 0 1 33.3% Black or African American di 1 10 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific - - m Islander c White 425 289 68.0% 7 1.6% 69 16.2% 53 12.5% 7 1.6% w a� 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 3 3 100.0% - - - - Race) Race Not 28 15 53.6% 2 5 17.9% 5 17.9% 1 3.6% Available .1% Hispanic or Lati 3 lip, 1 33.3° 2 66.7% - - - - American Indian/Alaska - - - Native Asian 2 50.0% - 1 50.0% Black or African American = Native Hawaiian °1 or Other Pacific Islander 2White 78 63 80.8% 1 1.3% 11 14.1 % 3 3.8% E2 or more minority x races - - - - - - - - - - - Joint (White/Minority Race) Race Not Available 5 3 60.0% 1 20.0% 1 20.0% Hispanic or Latino 1 - - 1 100.0% - - Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 122 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI American Indian/Alaska 4 3 75.0% - - - 1 25.0% Native Asian 9 5 55.6% 1 11.1 % 2 22.2% 1 11.1 % Black or Africa 14 1 - - 1 100.0% - - - - American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 1 1 100.0% - - - - - - - - Islander White 851 633 74.4% 12 1.4% 109 12.8% 85 10.0% 12 1.4% 0 ~ 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 3 3 100.0% - - - - - - - Race) Race Not 49 28 57.1 % 3 6.1 % 9 8 16.3% 1 2.0% Available .4% Hispanic or Latino 7 3 42.9% - - °o 1 14.3% - - Total 925 676 73.1% 15 1.2 123 13.3% 96 10.3% 15 1.6% For loan applicants 80- groups had denial rates rate: Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx QQMedian income the following igher than the average denial • Race No Avail le FHW FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 20.0% (6- °/ • Asian Refinance loan denial rate of 33.3% (16.45% Average) • Black or African American Refinance loan denial rate of 100.0% (16.45% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Refinance loan denial rate of 66.7% (16.45% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Home Improvement loan denial rate of 100.0% (14.12% Average) Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity and Income of Applicant 100-119% of MSA/MD Median Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness American N Q Indian/Alaska Native a_ Q c LL 14 Asian 1 1 100.0% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 123 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Black or African 1 1 100.0% American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific - - - - - - - - - Islander White 52 41 78.8% 1 1.9% 8 15.4% 1 1.9% 1 1.9% 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 3 2 66.7% 1 33.3% Race) Race Not 1 1 100.0% Available Hispanic or 2 1 50.0% 1 50.0% - - Latino American Indian/Alaska 2 2 100.0% - - - Native Asian 3 2 66.7% - - - 1 33.3% Black or African American 41� Ilk - Native Hawaiia or Other Pacific - - - c 0 Islander aci White 198 163 5 12 18 c U 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 4 4 100.0% - - - - - Race) Race Not Available 9 55.6% - 2 22.2% 2 22.2% Hispanic or Latino American Indian/Alaska 2 1 50.0% 1 50.0% Native Asian 5 4 80.0% 1 20.0% Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander c w White 341 240 70.4% 5 1.5% 45 13.2% 41 12.0% 10 2.9% 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 4 1 25.0% 1 25.0% 1 25.0% 1 25.0% - - Race) Race Not 25 12 48.0% 1 4.0% 5 20.0% 6 24.0% 1 4.0% Available Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 124 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Hispanic or 4 2 50.0% 2 50.0% Latino American Indian/Alaska - - - - - Native Asian Black or African American c Native Hawaiian £ or Other Pacific 1 1 100.0% Islander 0 E White 54 45 83.3% 4 7.4% 4 7.4% 1 1.9% am £ 2 or more 2 minority races Joint (White/Minority - - - Race) Race Not 4 3 75.0% - - 1 25.0% Available Hispanic or Latino American Indian/Alaska 4 3 75.0% - 1 25.0% - - Native Asian 9 6 66.7% %2 22.2% 1 11.1 % Black or African 1 1- American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 1 - - 1 100.0% - - Islander m White 645 489 75- 11 1.7% 69 10.7% 64 9.9% 12 1.9% 0 ~ 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 11 7 3.6% 1 9.1% 1 9.1% 1 9.1% - - Race) Race Not 39 216 51.3% 1 2.6% 7 17.9% 10 25.6% 1 2.6% Available Hispanic or 6 3 50.0% - 3 50.0 /° - - - - Latino Total 716 529 73.9% 13 1.8% 84 11.7% 76 10.6% 13 1.8% Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx For loan applicants 100-119% of MSA/MD Median income the following groups had denial rates that were 10% higher than the average denial rate: • Hispanic or Latino FHA, FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 50.0% (15.52% Average) Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 125 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • Race Note Available Conventional loan denial rate of 22.2% (6.54% Average) • American Indian/Alaskan Native Refinance loan denial rate of 50.0% (14.06% Average) • Joint (White/Minority Race) Refinance loan denial rate of 25.0% (14.06% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Refinance loan denial rate of 50.0% (14.06% Average) • Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander Home Improvement loan denial rate of 100.0% (8.47% Average) Disposition of Loan Applications by Race/Ethnicity and Income of Applicant 120% or More of MSA/MD Median Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Loan Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness American Indian/Alaska - - - - Native Asian 1 1 100.0% - Black or African 3 1 33.3% 1 33.3% 1 33.3% American a Native Hawaiian > or Other Pacific - - - = m Islander ui White 68 59 86.8% 1 1.5% 4 5.9% 2 2.9% 2 2.9% a in LL Q 2 or more LL minority races Joint (White/Minority - - - - - Race) Race Not 5 4 80.0% 1 ° 20.0/° Available Hispanic or Latino American c 2 Indian/Alaska C Native U Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 126 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Asian 8 7 87.5% 1 12.5% - - Black or African 2 1 50.0% - 1 50.0 /o American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 2 1 50.0% - - 1 50.0% Islander White 655 557 85.0% 17 2.6% 31 4.7% 49 7.5% 1 0.2% 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 14 9 64.3% 1 7.1% - 4 28.6% Race) Race Not Available 33 21 63.6% 3 9.1 % 004 12. 3 9.1 % 2 6.1 % Hispanic or Latino 2 1 50.0% 1 50.0% American Indian/Alaska - - - - Native Asian 15 7 46.7% - 5 33.3% 3 20.0% Black or African 5 3 60.0% 2 40.0% - - American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific - Islander d U c White 1,063 70.9% 23 2.2% 149 14.0% 113 10.6% 24 2.3% w a� 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 15 10 66.7% - - 3 20.0% 1 6.7% 1 6.7% Race) Race Not 80 40 50.0% 2 2.5% 17 21.3% 15 18.8% 6 7.5% Available Hispanic or 7 5 71.4% - - - 2 28.6 /o - - Latino au > r American ca 4) Indian/Alaska _ E £ Native Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 127 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Asian 1 - 1 100.0% Black or African 1 - 1 100.0% American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific 1 1 100.0% - - - - Islander White 186 156 83.9% 2 1.1 % 14 7.5% 10 5.4% 4 2.2% 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 1 - - - - t- 1 100.0% Race) Race Not Available 18 14 77.8% 1 7.1 % 1 7. 2 11.1 Hispanic or Latino 3 2 66.7% 1 33.3% American Indian/Alaska - Native Asian 25 15 1 0% 5 20.0% 3 12.0% 1 4.0% Black or African 11 5 5. 1% 5 45.5% - - - - American Native Hawaiia or Other Pacific 2 6. - - 1 33.3% - - - - Islander White 1,971 ,526 .4% 43 2.2% 198 10.0% 174 8.8% 31 1.6% R 0 ~ 2 or more minority races Joint (White/Minority 30 19 63.3% 1 3.3% 3 10.0% 6 20.0% 1 3.33% Race) Race Not 136 79 58.1% 6 4.4% 23 16.9% 20 14.7% 8 5.9% Available Hispanic or 12 8 66.7% - - 1 8.3% 3 25.0% - - Latino Total 2,186 1,654 75.7% 52 2.4% 236 10.8% 206 9.4% 41 1.9% Source: https://www.ffiec.gov/hmdaadwebreport/AggTableList.aspx Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 128 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI For loan applicants 120% and over MSA/MD Median income the following groups had denial rates that were 10% higher than the average denial rate: • Black or African American FHA, FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 33.3% (7.79% Average) • Race Not Available FHA, FSA/RHS, and VA loan denial rate of 20.0% (7.79% Average) • Black or African American Conventional loan denial rate of 50.0% (5.18% Average) • Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Conventional loan denial rate of 50.0% (5.18% Average) • Hispanic or Latino Conventional loan kdaial te of 50.0% (5.18% Average) • Asian Refinance loan denial rate .94% Average) • Black or African American Refi nceial rate of 40.0% (14.94% Average) • Black or African America me provement loan denial rate of 100.0% (7.69% Average) Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 129 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Disposition of Loan Applications by Characteristics of Census Tract FHA, FSA/RHS and VA Loans Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness Less than 10% 359 296 82.5% 4 31 22 6 minority c 0 10-19% minority 189 153 81.0% - 19 13 4 0 a E 0 L) 20-49% minority 21 16 76.2% 1 3 1 .E r w 50-79% minority - - 01 - m 80-100% minority - - - Low income - N U .y Moderate income 84 71 84.5% 3 .6% 5 6.0% 4 4.8% 1 1.2% U R `m s U am Middle income 390 317 °0 2 0.5% 39 10.0% 26 6.7% 6 1.5% E 0 c Upper income 95 77 .1 % 9 9.5% 6 6.3% 3 3.2% Less than 10% minority 10-19% minority - d E 0 c 20-49% minorit 0 0 J 50-79°!o minorit 80-100% minority Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 130 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 101 Less than 10% 48 42 87.5% 2 4.2% 1 2.1 % 2 4.2% 1 2.1 % minority 10-19%minority 22 19 86.4% - - 2 9.1% 1 4.5% - - E 0 NOW c 20-49%minorit.` 14 10 71.4% 1 7.1% 2 14.3% 1 7.1% 0 a`) 0 50-79% minority 80-100% minority Less than 10% 216 177 81.9% 2 0.9% 21 % 14 6.5% 2 0.9% minority 10-19% minoritA 167 134 80.2% - - #0 10. 12 7.2% 4 2.4% a) E 0 = 20-49% minority 7 6 85.7% 14.3% d 50-79% minorit - 80-100% minority - - Less than 10% minoritY 95 77 81.1% , - 9 9.5% 6 6.3% 3 3.2% 10-190% minori - d E 20-49% minority - 0 c `m a 50-79% minority 80-100% minority Total 569 465 81.7% 5 0.9% 53 9.3% 36 6.3% 10 1.8% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 131 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Disposition of Loan Applications by Characteristics of Census Tract Conventional Loans Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness Less than 10% 1,565 1,261 80.6% 41 2.6% 128 8.2% 122 7.8% 13 0.8% minority c 0 10-19%minority 544 419 77.0% 12 2.2% 55 10.1% 43 7.9% 15 2.8% 0 a E 0 L) 20-49% minority 89 61 68.5% 2 2.3% 14 0 .7% 12 13.5% r w 50-79% minority - -01 - m 80-100% minority - Low income in U .y Moderate incom 222 169 76.1 % 5 .3% 19 8.6% 22 9.9% 7 3 2% R `m s U am Middle income 1,444 1,134 78.5°0 35 2.4% 145 10.0% 112 7.8% 18 1.2% o c Upper income 438 0.3% 15 2.8% 33 6.2% 43 8.1% 3 0.6% Less than 10% minority 10-19% minority d E 0 r- 20-49% minority 3 0 J 50-79% minority 80-100% minority Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 132 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Less than 10% 110 95 86.3% 1 0.9% 6 5.5% 5 4.5% 3 2.7% minority 10-19%minority 67 46 68.7% 2 3.0% 6 9.0% 9 13.4% 4 6.0% E 0 c w; 20-49%minority 45 28 62.2% 2 4.4% 7 15.6% 8 17.8% 0 a`) M 0 50-79%minority 80-100% minority Less than 10% 923 728 78.9% 25 2.7% 89 % 74 8.0% 7 0.8% minority 10-19% minority 477 373 78.2% 10 2.1 % 00 10. 34 7.1 % 11 2.3% a) E 0 = 20-49%minority 44 33 75.0% 15.9% 4 9.0% d 50-79% minority - - 80-100% minority �- - Less than 10% 532 438 82.3% 15 .8% 33 6.2% 43 8.1 % 3 0.6% minority t 10-19%minority - - - - d E 0 20-49%minority c `m a 50-79%minority 80-100% minority Total 2,198 1,741 79.2% 55 2.5% 1997 9.0% 177 8.1% 28 1.3% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 133 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Disposition of Loan Applications by Characteristics of Census Tract Refinancing Loans Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness # % # % # % # % # % Less than 10% 2560 1649 64.4% 52 2.0% 435 17.0% 325 12.7% 99 3.9% nori mity c 0 10-19%minorit 966 605 62.6% 25 2.6% 188 19.5% 108 11.2% 40 4.1% 0 a E 0 20-49% minority 136 96 70.6% 1 0.7% 21 .4% 16 11.8% 2 1.5% s W 50-79% minorit - as 80-100% minority Low income - cn V .N L a Moderate income 397 240 60.5% 8 .0% 85 21.4% 48 12.1 % 16 4.0% m s U m Middle income 2558 1621 63.4% 59 2.3% 463 18.1% 311 12.2% 104 4.1% E 0 c Upper income 707 489 69.2% 11 1.6% 96 13.6% 90 12.7% 21 3.0% Less than 10% minority 10-19% minority a) E 0 0 = 20-49% minority 3 0 J 50-79% minorit " 80-100% minority m 0 E a) 0 Less than 10% 218 125 57.3% 5 2.3% 54 24.8% 26 11.9% 8 3.7% c minority Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 134 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 10-19% minority 128 75 58.6% 3 2.3% 25 19.5% 17 13.3% 8 6.3% 20-49% minority 51 40 78.4% - - 6 11.8% 5 9.8% - - 50-79% minority - - - - - - - 80-100%minority - - - - - - - - - - - Less than 10% 1635 1035 63.3% 36 2.2% 285 17.4% 209 12.8% 70 4.28% minority 10-19% minority 838 530 63.2% 22 2.6% 163 19.5% 91 10.9% 32 3.82% d E 0 = 20-49% minority 85 56 65.9% 1 1.2% 15 17.6% 11 12.9% 2 2.35% d 50-79% minority - 80-100% minority - - Less than 10% 707 489 69 11 % 6 13.6% 90 12.7% 21 3.0% minority 10-19% minority - - d £ 0 20-49% minority - c d a 50-79% minority 80-100%minority - - - - - - - - - - Total 3,662 2,350 64.2% 78 2.1% 644 17.6% 449 12.3% 141 3.9% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 135 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Disposition of Loan Applications by Characteristics of Census Tract Home Improvement Loans Total Loans Approved But Applications Applications Files Closed for Cohort Apps Originated Not Accepted Denied Withdrawn Incompleteness Less than 10% 368 290 78.8% 6 1.6% 45 12.2% 17 4.6% 10 2.7% minority c 0 10-19%minority 175 131 74.9% 1 0.6% 26 14.9% 16 9.1% 1 0.6% 0 a E 0 20-49% minority 18 13 72.2% 4 2% 1 5.6% s W 50-79% minorit - - - - - 5 80-100% minority - Low income - cn .NV L Moderate income 73 52 :f2j%1 .4% 12 16.4% 8 11.0% s Awl U m Middle income 380 291 5 1.3% 57 15.0% 20 5.3% 7 1.8% E 0Upper J76.6% income 91.3% 1 0.9% 6 5.6% 6 5.6% 4 3.7% Less than 10% minority 10-19% minorit a) E 0 c 20-49% minorit 3 0 J 50-79% minorit 80-100% minority - - - - - - - - - m 0 E m 0 Less than 10% 40 30 75.0% 1 2.5% 5 12.5 /° 4 ° 10.0 /° c minority Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 136 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI 10-19% minority 24 16 66.7% 5 20.8% 3 12.5% 20-49% minority 9 6 66.7% 2 22.2% 1 11.1 % 50-79% minority - - - - - - - 80-100%minority - - - - - - - Less than 10% 220 169 76.8% 4 1.8% 34 15.5% 7 3.2% 6 2.7% minority 10-19% minority 151 115 76.2% 1 0.7% 21 13.9% 13 8.6% 1 0.7% d E 0 c 20-49% minority 9 7 77.8% 2 22.2% d 50-79% minority - 80-100% minority - - Less than 10% 108 91 84.3% 1 0.9% 6 5.6% 6 5.6% 4 3.7% minority 10-19% minority - - - - - - - - - - - d £ 0 20-49% minority c d a 50-79% minority 80-100%minority - - - - - - - - - - - Total 561 434 77.4% 7 1.2% 75 13.4% 34 6.1% 11 2.0% The following tables list reasons for denial by race, ethnicity, gender, and income. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 137 of 159 d 0 aU a, Cc d O to N p w e N a m a E v a0 Qc N O s 0 e N m co C1 C R w. 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Insurance There was not suitable data available to determine if discrepancies existed in the rates and amounts of insurance coverage available to minority households in the City of Oshkosh. Further investigation and assessment are needed to determine if there is a barrier to fair housing choice. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 146 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI D. Citizen Participation: The City of Oshkosh developed the Analysis of Impediments with input received through individual meetings and public meetings with a variety of stakeholders and representatives of the community which included representatives from the City and County; Housing Authority; community, social service, and advocacy agencies; and non-profit and for profit entities. In compliance with the City's Citizen Participation Plan, the City held its first Needs Public Hearing on September 23, 2019, a Neighborhood Hearing on March 11, 2020, a Plan Commission meeting on March 17, 2020, and its second Public Hearing on March 24, 2020. These Hearings provided residents and stakeholders the opportunity to discuss the City's BG program and provide input concerning the funding priorities. The Needs Public Hearing advertiseme as blished in the Oshkosh Northwestern on September 4, 201 nd the second Public Hearing advertisement was published in the os orthwestern on March 2 and March 9, 2020 and announced the avai i o review the draft plan on March 6, 2020. A "draft" of the Analysis of Impe en i Housing Choice was placed on public display from March�Z020 pril 2020 at the following locations for review: �\ • City of Oshkosh ommunity Development - 215 Church Avenue, h, 54903-1130 • City of Oshkos b (www.ci.oshkosh.wi.us) Government section of the website unde Economic Development Division" • Oshkosh&ublic ary - 106 Washington Avenue, Oshkosh, WI 54901 In the "Citizen P icipation" section of the Appendix is the complete documentation of the input received. The City ran an extensive resident survey campaign, utilizing Survey Monkey, Polco, and paper surveys that were sent through the mail with water bills. There were a total of 989 survey responses entered into Survey Monkey, which included an online link sent to stakeholders throughout the community and featured on the City's website, as well as survey responses from residents from the mailing campaign that had been entered into Survey Monkey. There was a total of 121 survey responses entered into Polco, which was also featured on the City's website and shared with stakeholders. Some of the notable characteristics of respondents included (as a percentage of those that answered each question): Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 147 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI • The majority of respondents were female at 61.98% and 96.93% of respondents were White and 85.00% were Non -Hispanic or Latino. • 61.39% of respondents were 60 years old or older. • Of those that answered the question, 45.11 % were low- to moderate income for their family size. • The majority of respondents, 77.22%, come from one or two -person households. • 87.50% were homeowners. Some of the needs identified by respondents included problems with the following (as a percentage of those that answered each question): • Public Safety - 16.88% • Streets - 27.09% • Curbs/Sidewalks - 14.47% • Handicap Access - 3.53% • Parking - 17.07% • Traffic - 23.01 % 0 < IV • Storm Sewers - 9.65 /o • Sanitary Sewers - 2A1 • Litter - 13.73% • Property Maintenanc 8.5 o The following is a of es associated with different areas of community and econo velopm nt. Values were calculated as a percentage of those that ar��ea uestion. Recreation • 28.37XO/otio n property maintenance as an issue. • 27.09% would like more streets to be repaired. • 23.01 % would prefer less traffic disturbances. Social Services • 40.13% of respondents are concerned with the issues of aging • 30.57% would like more help with their disability • 28.66% mention a desire for more social services centered on providing medical aid. Public Transportation • 52.56% of respondents would like an increase in service hours. • 24.36% complained about a "lack of parking". Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 148 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Crime 77.80% of respondents state that there is an issue with drugs in the community. 60.37% would like more theft deterrence. The following situations result in further discriminations and/or barriers to fair housing in the City of Oshkosh: Strongly Agree Neutral/Unsure Disagree Strongly Agree Disagree Concentration of subsidized housing in 13.18% 28.46% 49.52% 5.79% 3.05% certain neighborhoods Lack of affordable 17.08% 36.49% ' 35.09% 8.23% 3.11 % housing in certain areas Lack of accessible IV housing for persons 11.60% 27.740 51.88°0 6.43% 2.35% with disabilities Lack of accessibility in neighborhoods (i.e. curb 5.62% 5.89% 57.14% 17.17% 4.17% cuts) Lack of fair housing 12.07° /0 48.59% 7.05% 2.82% education Lack of fair housing 7 87% 19. % 60.83% 8.03% 3.53% organizations in the City State or local laws or policies that limit 01111tX2 15.19% 63.81 % 12.44% 2.75% housing choice Lack of knowledge among residents 4% 34.07% 41.29% 6.12% 2.98% regarding fair housing Lack of knowledge among landlords and 11.50% 28.82% 43.94% 10.71 % 5.04% property managers regarding fair housing Lack of knowledge among real estate 7.14% 17.86% 56.12 /° 13.95 /° 4.93/° ° agents regarding fair housing Lack of knowledge among bankers/lenders 7.77% 15.37% 59.22% 13.27% 4.37% regarding fair housing Other barriers 6.15% 5.88% 81.28% 4.01 % 2.67% Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 149 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI V. Actions and Recommendations The following impediments to fair housing choice and recommendations are presented to assist the City of Oshkosh to affirmatively further fair housing in the community. The previously identified impediments to fair housing choice were discussed in Section III and progress was reported for each impediment. New and carried over impediments to Fair Housing Choice are presented in chart format on the pages that follow. The City of Oshkosh's FY 2020-2024 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice has identified the following impediments, as well as defined specific goals and strategies to address each impediment. • Imoediment 1: Need for Fair Housina Education and Outreach * There is a need to improve the knowtige an derstanding concerning the rights and responsibilities o ` dividuals, families, members of the protected classes, landlords, rea tat ofessionals, and public officials under the Fair Housing Act (FHA). Goal: Improve the public's e a awareness of the Fair Housing Act, related laws, regulation a ements to affirmatively further fair housing in the cone. Strategies: I rde this goal, the following activities and strategies shoul nderta c n: - 1 to idents of their rights under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) an e A ericans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-B: Edu realtors, bankers, housing providers, and other real estate prd essional of their responsibilities under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-C: Educate policy makers and city staff about the Fair Housing Act (FHA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). - 1-11): Support Fair Housing organizations and legal advocacy groups to assist persons who may be victims of housing discrimination. - 1-E: Identify the language and communication needs of LEP persons to provide the specific language assistance that is required. - 1-F: Continue to partner with regional jurisdictions and housing providers to encourage fair housing choice throughout Winnebagoland. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 150 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Impediment 2: Need for Affordable Housing Almost half (45.6%) of all renter households are paying over 30% of their monthly incomes on housing costs. A quarter (25.0%) of all owner households with a mortgage are paying over 30% of their monthly income on housing costs. The number of households that are housing cost burdened significantly increases as household income decreases. Goal: Increase the supply of decent, safe and sanitary housing that is affordable and accessible through the new construction and rehabilitation of various types of housing, especially housing that is affordable to lower income households. Strategies: In order to meet this goal, the following activities and strategies should be undertaken: - 2-A: Support and encourage rivate developers and non-profit housing providers to create rough construction or rehabilitation, affordable and mixed-inco. housing. - 2-13: Support and encoura a rehabilitation of existing renter - occupied and ow ccupi housing units in the City for households below 8 - 2-C: Support homeb _. duca ion, training programs, and closing cost/down,&aynWt asWtance to increase the number of owner- occupie fffousi nits. and local funding in response to HMDA to support higher loan to value ratios event, safe, and sanitary housing that is it households below 80% AM I. Impediment 3: Need for Accessible Housing There is a lack of accessible housing units in the City of Oshkosh as the supply of accessible housing has not kept pace with the demand of individuals desiring to live independently. Goal: Increase the supply of accessible housing through new construction and rehabilitation for persons with disabilities. Strategies: In order to meet this goal, the following activities and strategies should be undertaken: Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 151 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI - 3-A: Promote the need for accessible and visitable housing by supporting and encouraging private developers and non -profits to develop, construct, or rehabilitate housing that is accessible to persons with disabilities. - 3-B: Provide financial assistance for accessibility improvements to renter -occupied and owner -occupied housing units to enable seniors and persons with disabilities to remain in their homes. - 3-C: Promote and enforce the ADA and Fair Housing requirements for landlords to make "reasonable accommodations" to their rental properties so are accessible to tenants. Impediment 4: Public Policy The City Zoning Ordinance needs additional definitions and provisions concerning Fair Housing. Goal: Revis various types Strategies: strategies sh, promote the development of ut the City. (lowing activities and - 4-A: Refe thff Citylgoning Ordinance to include additional definitions, sta eme 7, a d revisions. - 4-B: Adopt a written Reasonable Accommodation Policy for housing developers and the Planning/Zoning Commission to follow when reasonable accommodation requests are made concerning zoning and land use as it applies to protected classes under the Fair Housing Act. - 4-C: Develop financial incentives to encourage developers and housing providers to offer more affordable housing options in the City. - 4-D: Encourage LMI, minority, and protected class resident participation in the various City Boards and Commissions. Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 152 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI VI. Certification Signature Page: I hereby certify that this FY 2020-2024 Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice is in compliance with the intent and directives of the Community Development Block Grant Program regulations. Mark Rohloff, City Manager, City of Oshkosh, WI Date Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 153 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI VII. Maps The following maps are attached: Percent White Population by Block Group Percent Minority Population by Block Group Percent Population Age 65 and Over by Block Group Housing Density by Block Group Percent Owner Occupied Housing Units by Block Group Percent Renter Occupied Housing Units by Block Group Low- and Moderate -Income Percentage by Block Group Low- and Moderate -Income and Minority Percentage by Block Group Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 154 of 159 LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO V.l:J I.J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI WHITE POPULATION BY B.G. 11 LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO U.I J I .J 4.41 J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI MINORITY POPULATION BY B.G. 11 LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO V.l:J I.:J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI PERCENT POPULATION AGED 65+ BY B.G. 11 LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO V.l:J I.:J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI HOUSING UNIT DENSITY BY B.G. LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO V.l:J I.:J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI OWNER -OCCUPIED UNITS BY B.G. 11 LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group: Source: 2013 2n17r V V.JO V.l:J I.:J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI RENTAL UNITS BY B.G. C.T. 16 B.G. 2 B.G. 4 47.0% B.G.'I 55.104 B.G. V C.T. 17 13.7% 22.7% B.G. 2 41.7% 56.3% B.G.-3 B.G. J2 B.G. 1- 37.6,o u 54.2%3 52.4% B.G.1 C.T: 9 C.T } 47.9% 76.8% 56.60% B.G. 67.20 B.G.2 B.G. 2 35.10 C T B. s C..Ta 3 B.G. 3 B`G. ,8 2 57 13.9% C'T.10 1 42.8 C.T. ITER ° 4% 40% ° 88.3 /o o' �� B.G. 2 32.7% 65 /o /o B.G.- r G`I q 5 B.G- f B:G. 2 B.G. 1 3 1 B.G! 1 B.G.. 3 74.3-/� B.G.1 B.G.2 9 /0 71% 4�% 7--1:�4% 51.7% 0% , i- C.T 2 C.T. 1�03 B: C:T. 5 , 37*1 % 48.3% B.G. 1 C.T.11 G. 52% B.G. 3 _o BrG:2 39:6% B.G. 1 i I 2% 29.6% $.9% 89 /o C.T�1 20.7% 0 B.G-4 -60o B:G.1 B:Gr3443.6% B.G.2 49.600 B(G 65'.9% 71.0% 77.4% :0% B.G/1 B.6.2 .1 36'.9% 63.49 B.G. 2 37 /o I -� 12 G.4 B.G. 56.3% 0 C.T. 14 5,41 % .G. 1 B: i . 3 30:80o C.T� I15 G.1 ti"G. 22.1 LEGEND: Census Tracts C.T. 19 Major Roads LOW/Mod Income City Streets By Block Group Railroads Less Than 51 % Water 0 51 % or More n I Block Groups 38.6% 1 V Source: 2011-2015 ACS 0 0.38 0.75 1.5 2.25 3 Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI PERCENT LOW/MOD INCOME BY B.G. EON a LEGEND: Census Trac Major Roads City Streets Railroads Water Block Group; Source: 2011-2015 2013-2017 ACS 5 Year Estimates V V.JO V.l:J I.:J L.L:J J Miles CITY OF OSHKOSH, WINNEBAGO COUNTY, WI LOW/MOD AND MINORITY POP BY B.G. City of Oshkosh, WI VIII. Appendix The following documents are attached: • U.S. Census Data • CHAS Data • HMDA Data • Citizen Participation Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 155 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI U.S. Census Data Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 156 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 157 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 158 of 159 City of Oshkosh, WI Citizen Participation Analysis of Impediments to Fair Housing Choice 159 of 159